Lhilali Ilham, Zouine Noura, Godderis Lode, El Midaoui Adil, El Jaafari Samir, Filali-Zegzouti Younes
Cluster of Competence Environment and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco.
Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Meknes 50000, Morocco.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2024 Aug 9;14(8):2337-2357. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe14080155.
Although vitamin D insufficiency has been correlated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), there are few data on the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and atherogenic indices predictive of CVD. This study investigated the relationship of vitamin D status with lipid profile and atherogenic indices in adult women in Morocco. Three hundred women aged 18 to 50 years from Meknes were included. Fasting 25(OH)D and lipid concentrations were assayed by a one-step electrochemiluminescence-based immunoassay and an enzymatic method, respectively. Atherogenic indices (atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), atherogenic coefficient (AC), non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C), Castelli risk indices I and II (CRI-I and II), and CHOLIndex (CI)) were calculated using conventional lipid parameters. Logistic regression models and operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were used to assess the relationship of the variables and estimate the threshold of 25(OH)D levels associated with high atherogenic indices. 25(OH) D below 20 ng/mL was significantly associated with an enhanced risk of hypertriglyceridemia and elevated values of AIP, AC, non-HDL-C, and CRI-I with an OR (95% CI) of 4.904 (1.856-12.959), 3.637 (2.149-6.158), 3.589 (1.673-7.700), 2.074 (1.215-3.540), and 2.481 (1.481-4.123), respectively. According to the ROC analysis, the likelihood of hypertriglyceridemia and high values of AIP, AC, non-HDL-C, and CRI-I were associated with 25(OH)D thresholds ≤15.15 ng/mL, ≤17.5 ng/mL, ≤19.8 ng/mL, ≤20.1 ng/mL, and ≤19.5 ng/mL, respectively, all < 0.01. Based on the atherogenic indices, this study indicates that vitamin D below 20 ng/mL may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in adult women. Additional health measures are essential to raise awareness among women and health professionals of preventing and controlling cardiovascular risk factors, particularly among young individuals.
尽管维生素D不足与心血管疾病（CVD）风险增加相关，但关于25-羟基维生素D（25(OH)D）与预测CVD的致动脉粥样硬化指数之间的关联数据较少。本研究调查了摩洛哥成年女性维生素D状态与血脂谱及致动脉粥样硬化指数之间的关系。纳入了300名来自梅克内斯的18至50岁女性。分别采用一步法电化学发光免疫分析法和酶法检测空腹25(OH)D和血脂浓度。使用传统血脂参数计算致动脉粥样硬化指数（血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数（AIP）、致动脉粥样硬化系数（AC）、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（non-HDL-C）、卡斯泰利风险指数I和II（CRI-I和II）以及CHOLIndex（CI））。采用逻辑回归模型和受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析来评估变量之间的关系，并估计与高致动脉粥样硬化指数相关的25(OH)D水平阈值。25(OH)D低于20 ng/mL与高甘油三酯血症风险增加以及AIP、AC、non-HDL-C和CRI-I值升高显著相关，优势比（95%可信区间）分别为4.904（1.856 - 12.959）、3.637（2.149 - 6.158）、3.589（1.673 - 7.700）、2.074（1.215 - 3.540）和2.481（1.481 - 4.123）。根据ROC分析，高甘油三酯血症以及AIP、AC、non-HDL-C和CRI-I值升高的可能性分别与25(OH)D阈值≤15.15 ng/mL、≤17.5 ng/mL、≤19.8 ng/mL、≤20.1 ng/mL和≤19.5 ng/mL相关，均P<0.01。基于致动脉粥样硬化指数，本研究表明25(OH)D低于20 ng/mL可能会增加成年女性患心血管疾病的风险。采取额外的健康措施对于提高女性和健康专业人员对预防和控制心血管危险因素的认识至关重要，尤其是在年轻人群中。
