Department of Operative Gynecology, Endoscopy and Gynecologic Oncology, Polish Mother's Health Center-Research Institute, 281/289 Rzgowska Str., 93-338 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 4 Kosciuszki Str., 90-419 Lodz, Poland.
Cells. 2024 Aug 13;13(16):1343. doi: 10.3390/cells13161343.
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women. There is an ongoing need to develop new biomarkers and targeted therapies to improve patient outcomes. One of the most critical research areas in ovarian cancer is identifying tumor microenvironment (TME) functions. TME consists of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, matrix, endothelial cells, pericytes, fibroblasts, and other stromal cells. Tumor invasion and growth depend on the multifactorial crosstalk between tumor cells and immune cells belonging to the TME. MiRNAs, which belong to non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally control the expression of target genes, regulate immune responses within the TME, shaping the landscape of the intrinsic environment of tumor cells. Aberrant expression of miRNAs may lead to the pathological dysfunction of signaling pathways or cancer cell-regulatory factors. Cell-to-cell communication between infiltrating immune cells and the tumor may depend on exosomes containing multiple miRNAs. MiRNAs may exert both immunosuppressive and immunoreactive responses, which may cause cancer cell elimination or survival. In this review, we highlighted recent advances in the field of miRNAs shaping the landscape of immune cells in the TME.
卵巢癌是导致女性癌症死亡的主要原因之一。目前仍需要开发新的生物标志物和靶向治疗方法，以改善患者的预后。卵巢癌最重要的研究领域之一是确定肿瘤微环境 (TME) 的功能。TME 由肿瘤浸润免疫细胞、基质、内皮细胞、周细胞、成纤维细胞和其他基质细胞组成。肿瘤的侵袭和生长依赖于肿瘤细胞与属于 TME 的免疫细胞之间的多因素串扰。miRNA 属于非编码 RNA，可在后转录水平上控制靶基因的表达，调节 TME 中的免疫反应，塑造肿瘤细胞固有环境的景观。miRNA 的异常表达可能导致信号通路或癌细胞调节因子的病理性功能障碍。浸润免疫细胞与肿瘤之间的细胞间通讯可能依赖于含有多种 miRNA 的外泌体。miRNA 可能发挥免疫抑制和免疫反应作用，从而导致癌细胞的消除或存活。在这篇综述中，我们强调了 miRNA 领域的最新进展，这些进展塑造了 TME 中免疫细胞的景观。
