School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, 250061, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Aug 28;24(1):2335. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19833-8.
The incidence of chronic diseases is on the rise worldwide, with a high mortality rate in China, posing a serious threat to the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of middle-aged and older adults. This study explores the association between chronic diseases and the HRQoL of middle-aged and older adults, as well as the role of physical activity (PA) and degree of digitization in this relationship.
The data used in this study was obtained from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which included 13,620 middle-aged and older Chinese adults (≥ 45 years). The study utilized correlation analysis, and bootstrapping to investigate the mediating role of PA and the moderating influence of the degree of digitization. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0.
The study findings indicate that the severity of chronic disease has a significant negative predictive effect on HRQoL (PCS, physical component summary; MCS, mental component summary) (PCS: β = -2.515, p < 0.01, MCS: β = -0.735, p < 0.01). Further analysis revealed that PA plays a mediating and masking role in the impact of chronic disease on PCS and MCS. Additionally, the degree of digitization moderates the relationship between chronic disease and PA, chronic disease and PCS, and PA and PCS.
For middle-aged and older persons, chronic diseases have a detrimental effect on their HRQoL; nevertheless, PA can help. Furthermore, proper internet usage can help older individuals to some extent in mitigating the negative impact of chronic diseases. Therefore, it is encouraged to promote PA among the elderly with chronic diseases to improve their physical health, as well as to guide them in the proper use of the Internet to establish healthy behaviors.
慢性病的发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势，中国的死亡率较高，严重威胁着中老年人群的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）。本研究探讨了慢性病与中老年人群 HRQoL 的关系，以及身体活动（PA）和数字化程度在其中的作用。
本研究使用的数据来自 2018 年中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS），共包括 13620 名中国中老年成年人（≥45 岁）。研究采用相关分析和自举法，探讨了 PA 的中介作用和数字化程度的调节作用。数据分析使用 SPSS 26.0 进行。
研究结果表明，慢性病的严重程度对 HRQoL（PCS，生理成分综合评分；MCS，心理成分综合评分）有显著的负向预测作用（PCS：β=-2.515，p<0.01，MCS：β=-0.735，p<0.01）。进一步分析表明，PA 在慢性病对 PCS 和 MCS 的影响中起到了中介和掩饰作用。此外，数字化程度调节了慢性病和 PA、慢性病和 PCS 以及 PA 和 PCS 之间的关系。
对于中老年人来说，慢性病对他们的 HRQoL 有不利影响；然而，PA 可以有所帮助。此外，适当的互联网使用可以在一定程度上帮助老年人减轻慢性病的负面影响。因此，鼓励慢性病老年人群积极参加 PA，以改善身体健康，并指导他们正确使用互联网，建立健康行为。
