Zhao Liangyu, Zhang Kun, Gao Yan, Jia Zhihao, Han Suyue
School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Front Psychol. 2022 Oct 17;13:923597. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.923597. eCollection 2022.
The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of gender and marital status on depression among middle-aged and older people in China, and to explore the mediating effect of subjective well-being and the moderating effect of degree of digitization in the relationship between subjective well-being and depression. A total of 15,586 Chinese middle-aged and older people (≥ 45 years old) were included in the study using data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS). -test, ANOVA, hierarchical regression and Bootstrap methods were adopted to test the mediating role of subjective well-being and the moderating role of degree of digitization. The results showed that middle-aged and older women were more likely to suffer from depression than men, and married middle-aged and older people were less likely to be depressed than those who were separated or divorced, widowed and never married. Subjective well-being partially mediated the relationship between gender and depression, and masked the relationship between marital status and depression, and all five dimensions it contains also played a mediating role. Degree of digitization moderated the effect of subjective well-being on depression. Simple slope tests indicated that the effect of subjective well-being on depression increased as degree of digitization increased. In conclusion, to address the mental health problems of middle-aged and older people brought about by the ageing and digital society, we should start by improving their subjective well-being and promoting their integration into the digital society.
本研究旨在探讨性别和婚姻状况对中国中老年人抑郁的影响，并探究主观幸福感的中介作用以及数字化程度在主观幸福感与抑郁关系中的调节作用。利用2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）的数据，本研究共纳入了15586名中国中老年人（≥45岁）。采用t检验、方差分析、分层回归和Bootstrap方法来检验主观幸福感的中介作用和数字化程度的调节作用。结果表明，中老年女性比男性更容易患抑郁症，已婚的中老年人比分居、离异、丧偶和未婚的人患抑郁症的可能性更小。主观幸福感部分中介了性别与抑郁之间的关系，并掩盖了婚姻状况与抑郁之间的关系，其包含的所有五个维度也都起到了中介作用。数字化程度调节了主观幸福感对抑郁的影响。简单斜率检验表明，随着数字化程度的提高，主观幸福感对抑郁的影响增大。总之，为了解决老龄化和数字社会给中老年人带来的心理健康问题，我们应该从提高他们的主观幸福感和促进他们融入数字社会入手。
