Shaikh Ammara, Ahmad Fairus, Teoh Seong Lin, Kumar Jaya, Yahaya Mohamad Fairuz
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Jul 30;13(8):926. doi: 10.3390/antiox13080926.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a major worldwide health challenge because of its profound impact on cognitive abilities and overall well-being. Despite extensive research and numerous clinical trials, therapeutic options remain limited. Our study aimed to investigate the potential of Kelulut honey (KH) as a novel therapeutic agent for addressing the multifactorial pathology of AD. We tried to evaluate the disease-attenuating and neuroprotective potential of KH in the intrahippocampally induced AD rat model by utilizing histochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) studies. A total of 26 male Sprague Dawley rats weighing ~280-380 g were randomly divided into three groups: Control, AD-induced (Aβ), and AD-induced and treated with KH (Aβ+KH). The latter two groups underwent stereotaxic surgery, where 6.25 µg of amyloid β peptides were injected intrahippocampally. One-week post-surgery, KH was administered to the treatment group at a dose of 1 g/kg body weight for a period of four weeks, after which the rats went through behavior tests. After completion of behavior analysis, the rats were sacrificed, and the brains were processed for histochemistry and ELISA studies. The open field test analysis demonstrated that KH improved the locomotion of Aβ+KH compared to Aβ ( = 0.0013). In comparison, the Morris water maze did not show any nootropic effects on cognition with a paradoxical increase in time spent in the target quadrant by the Aβ group ( = 0.029). Histochemical staining showed markedly increased Congo-red-stained amyloid plaques, which were significantly reduced in dentate gyrus of Aβ+KH compared to Aβ ( < 0.05). Moreover, significantly higher apoptosis was seen in the Aβ group compared to Aβ+KH ( < 0.01) and control groups ( < 0.001). Furthermore, the ELISA studies deduced more phosphorylated tau in the diseased group compared to Aβ+KH ( = 0.038) and controls ( = 0.016). These findings suggest that KH consumption for twenty-eight days has the potential to attenuate the pathological burden of disease while exerting neuroprotective effects in rodent models of AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）因其对认知能力和整体健康的深远影响，成为全球主要的健康挑战。尽管进行了广泛研究和众多临床试验，但治疗选择仍然有限。我们的研究旨在探讨吉露蜂蜜（KH）作为一种新型治疗药物应对AD多因素病理的潜力。我们试图通过组织化学和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）研究，评估KH在海马内注射诱导的AD大鼠模型中的疾病缓解和神经保护潜力。总共26只体重约280 - 380克的雄性斯普拉格 - 道利大鼠被随机分为三组：对照组、AD诱导组（Aβ）和AD诱导并用KH治疗组（Aβ + KH）。后两组接受立体定向手术，向海马内注射6.25微克淀粉样β肽。手术后一周，以1克/千克体重的剂量给治疗组施用KH，持续四周，之后大鼠进行行为测试。行为分析完成后，处死大鼠，对大脑进行组织化学和ELISA研究。旷场试验分析表明，与Aβ组相比，KH改善了Aβ + KH组的运动能力（P = 0.0013）。相比之下，莫里斯水迷宫试验未显示出对认知的任何益智作用，Aβ组在目标象限花费的时间反而出现反常增加（P = 0.029）。组织化学染色显示，刚果红染色的淀粉样斑块明显增加，与Aβ组相比，Aβ + KH组齿状回中的此类斑块显著减少（P < 0.05）。此外，与Aβ + KH组（P < 0.01）和对照组（P < 0.001）相比，Aβ组的细胞凋亡明显更高。此外，ELISA研究推断，与Aβ + KH组（P = 0.038）和对照组（P = 0.016）相比，患病组中有更多的磷酸化tau蛋白。这些发现表明，在AD啮齿动物模型中，连续28天食用KH有可能减轻疾病的病理负担，同时发挥神经保护作用。
