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五环三萜类化合物熊果酸和齐墩果酸及其相关衍生物作为抗癌候选物的最新进展

An Update on Pentacyclic Triterpenoids Ursolic and Oleanolic Acids and Related Derivatives as Anticancer Candidates.

作者信息

Similie Diana, Minda Daliana, Bora Larisa, Kroškins Vladislavs, Lugiņina Jevgeņija, Turks Māris, Dehelean Cristina Adriana, Danciu Corina

机构信息

Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.

Research and Processing Center of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.

出版信息

Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Aug 6;13(8):952. doi: 10.3390/antiox13080952.

DOI:10.3390/antiox13080952
PMID:39199198
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11351203/
Abstract

Cancer is a global health problem, with the incidence rate estimated to reach 40% of the population by 2030. Although there are currently several therapeutic methods, none of them guarantee complete healing. Plant-derived natural products show high therapeutic potential in the management of various types of cancer, with some of them already being used in current practice. Among different classes of phytocompounds, pentacyclic triterpenoids have been in the spotlight of research on this topic. Ursolic acid (UA) and its structural isomer, oleanolic acid (OA), represent compounds intensively studied and tested in vitro and in vivo for their anticancer and chemopreventive properties. Since natural compounds can rarely be used in practice as such due to their characteristic physico-chemical properties, to tackle this problem, their derivatization has been attempted, obtaining compounds with improved solubility, absorption, stability, effectiveness, and reduced toxicity. This review presents various UA and OA derivatives that have been synthesized and evaluated in recent studies for their anticancer potential. It can be observed that the most frequent structural transformations were carried out at the C-3, C-28, or both positions simultaneously. It has been demonstrated that conjugation with heterocycles or cinnamic acid, derivatization as hydrazide, or transforming OH groups into esters or amides increases anticancer efficacy.

摘要

癌症是一个全球性的健康问题，据估计到2030年发病率将达到人口的40%。尽管目前有几种治疗方法，但没有一种能保证完全治愈。植物来源的天然产物在各类癌症的治疗中显示出很高的治疗潜力，其中一些已在当前实践中得到应用。在不同类别的植物化合物中，五环三萜类化合物一直是该领域研究的焦点。熊果酸（UA）及其结构异构体齐墩果酸（OA）是在体外和体内对其抗癌和化学预防特性进行了深入研究和测试的化合物。由于天然化合物因其独特的物理化学性质很少能直接用于实际应用，为了解决这个问题，人们尝试对其进行衍生化，以获得具有改善的溶解性、吸收性、稳定性、有效性和降低毒性的化合物。本综述介绍了近期研究中合成并评估了抗癌潜力的各种UA和OA衍生物。可以观察到，最常见的结构转变发生在C-3、C-28或同时在这两个位置。已经证明，与杂环或肉桂酸共轭、衍生化为酰肼或将羟基转化为酯或酰胺可提高抗癌疗效。

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