Sysoev Yuriy I, Okovityi Sergey V
Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
Department of Neuroscience, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory 354340, Russia.
Brain Sci. 2024 Jul 31;14(8):772. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14080772.
Electrophysiological methods of research are widely used in neurobiology. To assess the bioelectrical activity of the brain in small laboratory animals, electrocorticography (ECoG) is most often used, which allows the recording of signals directly from the cerebral cortex. To date, a number of methodological approaches to the manufacture and implantation of ECoG electrodes have been proposed, the complexity of which is determined by experimental tasks and logistical capabilities. Existing methods for analyzing bioelectrical signals are used to assess the functional state of the nervous system in test animals, as well as to identify correlates of pathological changes or pharmacological effects. The review presents current areas of applications of ECoG in neuropharmacological studies in small laboratory animals. Traditionally, this method is actively used to study the antiepileptic activity of new molecules. However, the possibility of using ECoG to assess the neuroprotective activity of drugs in models of traumatic, vascular, metabolic, or neurodegenerative CNS damage remains clearly underestimated. Despite the fact that ECoG has a number of disadvantages and methodological difficulties, the recorded data can be a useful addition to traditional molecular and behavioral research methods. An analysis of the works in recent years indicates a growing interest in the method as a tool for assessing the pharmacological activity of psychoactive drugs, especially in combination with classification and prediction algorithms.
电生理研究方法在神经生物学中被广泛应用。为了评估小型实验动物大脑的生物电活动，最常使用的是皮质脑电图（ECoG），它能够直接记录来自大脑皮层的信号。迄今为止，已经提出了许多制造和植入ECoG电极的方法，其复杂性由实验任务和后勤能力决定。现有的生物电信号分析方法用于评估实验动物神经系统的功能状态，以及识别病理变化或药理作用的相关因素。这篇综述介绍了ECoG在小型实验动物神经药理学研究中的当前应用领域。传统上，该方法被积极用于研究新分子的抗癫痫活性。然而，在创伤性、血管性、代谢性或神经退行性中枢神经系统损伤模型中，使用ECoG评估药物神经保护活性的可能性显然仍被低估。尽管ECoG存在一些缺点和方法上的困难，但记录的数据可以作为传统分子和行为研究方法的有益补充。对近年来研究工作的分析表明，人们对该方法作为评估精神活性药物药理活性的工具越来越感兴趣，尤其是与分类和预测算法相结合时。
