Orlandi Elena, Guasconi Massimo, Vecchia Stefano, Trubini Serena, Giuffrida Mario, Proietto Manuela, Anselmi Elisa, Capelli Patrizio, Romboli Andrea
Department of Oncology-Hematology, Azienda USL of Piacenza, 29121 Piacenza, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Aug 22;16(16):2912. doi: 10.3390/cancers16162912.
Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal disease, often diagnosed at advanced stages, with a 5-year overall survival rate of around 10%. Current treatments have limited effectiveness, underscoring the need for new therapeutic options. This scoping review aims to identify and summarize preclinical and clinical studies on FGFR (Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor) inhibitors, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and FGFR-specific inhibitors, in pancreatic cancer with FGFR alterations. We included studies analyzing efficacy, safety, and survival outcomes in various populations. A comprehensive search across major databases identified 73 relevant studies: 32 preclinical, 16 clinical, and 25 from gray literature. The clinical trials focused primarily on efficacy (20 studies) and safety (14 studies), with fewer studies addressing survival outcomes. FGFR1 was the most studied alteration, followed by FGFR2 and FGFR4. Although FGFR alterations are relatively rare in pancreatic cancer, the available data, including promising real-life outcomes, suggest significant potential for FGFR inhibitors. However, more extensive research is needed to identify the correct genetic drivers and gather robust survival data. Ongoing and future trials are expected to provide more comprehensive insights, potentially leading to improved targeted therapies for pancreatic cancer patients with FGFR alterations.
胰腺癌是一种致死率很高的疾病，通常在晚期才被诊断出来，5年总生存率约为10%。目前的治疗方法效果有限，这凸显了对新治疗方案的需求。本综述旨在识别和总结关于FGFR（成纤维细胞生长因子受体）抑制剂的临床前和临床研究，包括酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKIs）和FGFR特异性抑制剂，用于治疗伴有FGFR改变的胰腺癌。我们纳入了分析不同人群疗效、安全性和生存结果的研究。对各大数据库进行全面检索后确定了73项相关研究：32项临床前研究、16项临床研究以及25项灰色文献研究。临床试验主要聚焦于疗效（20项研究）和安全性（14项研究），涉及生存结果的研究较少。FGFR1是研究最多的改变，其次是FGFR2和FGFR4。尽管FGFR改变在胰腺癌中相对少见，但现有数据，包括有前景的真实世界结果，表明FGFR抑制剂具有巨大潜力。然而，需要更广泛的研究来确定正确的基因驱动因素并收集可靠的生存数据。正在进行的和未来的试验有望提供更全面的见解，可能为伴有FGFR改变的胰腺癌患者带来改进的靶向治疗。
