Hui Fang, Tong Manman, Li Shuyi, Zhao Yanli, Guo Xiaoyu, Guo Yongmei, Shi Binlin, Yan Sumei
Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Aug 16;14(16):2383. doi: 10.3390/ani14162383.
This study investigated the effects of dietary energy levels during late gestation on mineral content in the plasma, colostrum, and milk of jennies postpartum. Twenty-four pregnant multiparous DeZhou jennies, aged 6.0 ± 0.1 years, with a body weight of 292 ± 33 kg, an average parity number of 2.7 ± 0.1, and similar expected dates of confinement (74 ± 4 days), were randomly allocated to three groups and fed three diets: high energy (12.54 MJ/kg, HE), medium energy (12.03 MJ/kg, ME), and low energy (11.39 MJ/kg, LE). Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of each jenny at time points of 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, 5 d, 7 d, and 14 d after parturition. Additionally, milk samples were collected through manual milking, and an analysis of the mineral content was conducted. The results showed that compared with HE, both ME and LE significantly increased the levels of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), and cobalt (Co) in the plasma and Ca, P, magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), Zn, selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), and Co in the milk of jennies postpartum ( < 0.05); ME also increased the levels of potassium (K), iron (Fe), and Mn in plasma and K and Fe in milk ( < 0.05). The levels of Ca, K, Mg, P, Fe, Cu, Mn, Co, Se, Zn, and Mo in plasma and milk gradually decreased with increasing postpartum time. Their contents were the highest at 0 h postpartum, rapidly decreased after 24 h postpartum, and declined to the lowest on day 14 postpartum. The interaction between dietary energy level and postpartum time showed that although the concentrations of the minerals Ca, P, K, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Co, Se, and Mo decreased in jennies' plasma and milk in the treatment groups with different energy levels as postpartum time increased, the pattern of change was also influenced by dietary energy level. The influence of dietary energy level in late gestation on the mineral content of milk and plasma during the postpartum colostrum phase was higher than that during the milk phase. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that, under the current experimental conditions, the mineral content of the colostrum, milk, and plasma of jennies after parturition was dependent on the dietary energy level during late gestation.
本研究调查了妊娠后期日粮能量水平对产后母驴血浆、初乳和乳汁中矿物质含量的影响。选取24头6.0±0.1岁、体重292±33kg、平均胎次2.7±0.1且预产期相近（74±4天）的经产德州母驴，随机分为三组，分别饲喂三种日粮：高能量（12.54 MJ/kg，HE）、中能量（12.03 MJ/kg，ME）和低能量（11.39 MJ/kg，LE）。在产后0小时、24小时、48小时、5天、7天和14天时间点，从每头母驴的颈静脉采集血样。此外，通过手工挤奶收集乳汁样本，并对矿物质含量进行分析。结果表明，与HE组相比，ME组和LE组均显著提高了产后母驴血浆中钙（Ca）、磷（P）、锌（Zn）、硒（Se）、钼（Mo）和钴（Co）的水平，以及乳汁中Ca、P、镁（Mg）、铜（Cu）、锰（Mn）、Zn、硒（Se）、钼（Mo）和Co的水平（P<0.05）；ME组还提高了血浆中钾（K）、铁（Fe）和Mn的水平以及乳汁中K和Fe的水平（P<0.05）。血浆和乳汁中Ca、K、Mg、P、Fe、Cu、Mn、Co、Se、Zn和Mo的水平随产后时间延长逐渐降低。它们的含量在产后0小时最高，产后24小时迅速下降，并在产后14天降至最低。日粮能量水平与产后时间的交互作用表明，尽管不同能量水平处理组母驴血浆和乳汁中矿物质Ca、P、K、Mg、Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn、Co、Se和Mo的浓度随产后时间增加而降低，但变化模式也受日粮能量水平的影响。妊娠后期日粮能量水平对产后初乳期乳汁和血浆矿物质含量的影响高于泌乳期。总之，本研究表明，在当前实验条件下，产后母驴初乳、乳汁和血浆中的矿物质含量取决于妊娠后期的日粮能量水平。
