Guo Yongmei, Yin Guolin, Hui Fang, Guo Xiaoyu, Shi Binlin, Zhao Yanli, Yan Sumei
Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Feb 13;15:1308171. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1308171. eCollection 2024.
This study investigated the effects of dietary energy level on the antioxidant capability, immune function, and rectal microbiota in donkey jennets during the last 60 days of gestation.
Fifteen pregnant DeZhou donkeys with age of 6.0 ± 0.1 years, body weight of 292 ± 33 kg, parity of 2.7 ± 0.1 parities and similar expected date of confinement (74 ± 4 days) were randomly allocated to three groups and feed three diets: high energy (10.92 MJ/kg, H), medium energy (10.49 MJ/kg, M), and low energy (9.94 MJ/kg, L).
The serum activity of catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in group M was significantly higher, whereas the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-2, and IL-6 were lower than those recorded for groups H and L ( ≤ 0.05). The dietary energy level significantly affected rectal microbial community structure in the jennet donkeys 35 days and 7 days before the parturition ( ≤ 0.05). The abundances of genus was significantly higher ( ≤ 0.05) in group H, and the abundances of and the were higher in group L ( ≤ 0.05). The abundance of Fibrobacter in group M was significantly increased ( ≤ 0.05). The abundance of was positively correlated with average daily gain (ADG) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations ( ≤ 0.05). The abundance of was positively correlated with IL-2 and IL-6 concentrations. The abundance of was positively correlated with CAT, T-SOD and GSH-Px activities ( ≤ 0.05). The abundance of Fibrobacter was positively correlated with CAT and T-SOD activities ( ≤ 0.05), but negatively correlated with IL-2 concentration ( ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, an appropriate dietary with an energy content of 10.49 MJ/kg for jennet donkeys during late gestation increased the prenatal antioxidant capacity, reduced inflammatory cytokines, and promoted fetal growth, and these changes were related to diet-induced changes in rectal microbiota compositions.
本研究调查了妊娠最后60天日粮能量水平对母驴抗氧化能力、免疫功能和直肠微生物群的影响。
选取15头年龄为6.0±0.1岁、体重为292±33千克、产次为2.7±0.1次且预产期相近（74±4天）的德州妊娠母驴，随机分为三组，分别饲喂三种日粮：高能量（10.92兆焦/千克，H组）、中能量（10.49兆焦/千克，M组）和低能量（9.94兆焦/千克，L组）。
M组血清过氧化氢酶（CAT）、总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性及总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）显著高于H组和L组，而丙二醛（MDA）、白细胞介素1（IL-1）、IL-2和IL-6浓度低于H组和L组（P≤0.05）。日粮能量水平对分娩前35天和7天母驴直肠微生物群落结构有显著影响（P≤0.05）。H组中某属丰度显著更高（P≤0.05）；L组中另两属丰度更高（P≤0.05）。M组纤维杆菌属丰度显著增加（P≤0.05）。某属丰度与平均日增重（ADG）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）浓度呈正相关（P≤0.05）。另一属丰度与IL-2和IL-6浓度呈正相关。又一属丰度与CAT、T-SOD和GSH-Px活性呈正相关（P≤0.05）。纤维杆菌属丰度与CAT和T-SOD活性呈正相关（P≤0.05），但与IL-2浓度呈负相关（P≤0.05）。总之，妊娠后期母驴日粮能量水平为10.49兆焦/千克可提高产前抗氧化能力、降低炎性细胞因子并促进胎儿生长，这些变化与日粮引起的直肠微生物群组成变化有关。
