Luo Si, Wang Meng, Ma Weizhong, Gu Dangen, Jin Zhijun, Yang Ruiqi, Qian Zhen, Song Chengwen, Wang Zexin, Jin Shiyu
School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China.
Power China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited, Guiyang 550081, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Aug 22;14(16):2433. doi: 10.3390/ani14162433.
Investigating fish diversity in canyon rivers through conventional fish surveys is challenging due to precipitous conditions, including steep slopes, rapid water flow, and complex habitats. Additionally, intensive construction of dams has further complicated the understanding of contemporary fish diversity in these rivers. In this study, we used the environmental DNA (eDNA) technique to assess fish diversity and examine the effects of dams on fish diversity in the Mabiehe River, a canyon river in the upper reaches of the Pearl River drainage. Water samples from 15 sampling sites were collected, yielding 9,356,148 valid sequences. Utilizing the NCBI public database, a total of 60 freshwater fish species were identified, with , , and being the most dominant species in the Mabiehe River. We also detected one nationally protected fish species, three provincially protected fish species, and six exotic species in this river. Furthermore, eDNA analyses demonstrated that the lotic river sections harbor more species and greater diversity than dammed sections, suggesting that dams might exert significant impacts on local fish diversity. Overall, this study supports the effectiveness of the eDNA technique as a complementary tool to traditional field surveys for monitoring fish biodiversity in canyon rivers.
通过传统鱼类调查来研究峡谷河流中的鱼类多样性具有挑战性，这是由于其险峻的条件，包括陡坡、湍急的水流和复杂的栖息地。此外，大坝的密集建设进一步使人们对这些河流中当代鱼类多样性的理解变得复杂。在本研究中，我们使用环境DNA（eDNA）技术来评估鱼类多样性，并研究大坝对珠江流域上游的一条峡谷河流——马别河中鱼类多样性的影响。我们从15个采样点采集了水样，获得了9356148条有效序列。利用NCBI公共数据库，共鉴定出60种淡水鱼，其中 、 和 是马别河中最主要的物种。我们还在这条河中检测到一种国家保护鱼类、三种省级保护鱼类和六种外来物种。此外，eDNA分析表明，与筑坝河段相比，河流的急流河段拥有更多的物种和更高的多样性，这表明大坝可能对当地鱼类多样性产生重大影响。总体而言，本研究支持eDNA技术作为传统野外调查的补充工具，用于监测峡谷河流中鱼类生物多样性的有效性。
