National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Jul 4;24(1):1787. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19298-9.
Abnormal heart rate recovery (HRR), representing cardiac autonomic dysfunction, is an important predictor of cardiovascular disease. Prolonged sedentary time (ST) is associated with a slower HRR. However, it is not clear how much moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is required to mitigate the adverse effects of sedentary behavior on HRR in young and middle-aged adults. This study aimed to examine the joint association of ST and MVPA with abnormal HRR in this population.
A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 1253 participants (aged 20-50 years, 67.8% male) from an observational study assessing cardiopulmonary fitness in Fujian Province, China. HRR measured via cardiopulmonary exercise tests on a treadmill was calculated as the difference between heart rate at peak exercise and 2 min after exercise. When the HRR was ≤ 42 beats·minute within this time, it was considered abnormal. ST and MVPA were assessed by the IPAQ-LF. Individuals were classified as having a low sedentary time (LST [< 6 h·day]) or high sedentary time (HST [≥ 6 h·day]) and according to their MVPA level (low MVPA [0-149 min·week], medium MVPA [150-299 min·week], high MVPA [≥ 300 min·week]). Finally, six ST-MVPA groups were derived. Associations between ST-MVPA groups with abnormal HRR incidence were examined using logistic regression models.
53.1% of the young and middle-aged adults had less than 300 min of MVPA per week. In model 2, adjusted for possible confounders (e.g. age, sex, current smoking status, current alcohol consumption, sleep status, body mass index), HST was associated with higher odds of an abnormal HRR compared to LST (odds ratio (OR) = 1.473, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.172-1.852). Compared with the reference group (HST and low MVPA), the HST and high MVPA groups have a lower chance of abnormal HRR (OR, 95% CI = 0.553, 0.385-0.795). Compared with individuals with HST and low MVPA, regardless of whether MVPA is low, medium, or high, the odds of abnormal HRR in individuals with LST is significantly reduced (OR, 95% CI = 0.515, 0.308-0.857 for LST and low MVPA; OR, 95% CI = 0.558, 0.345-0.902 for LST and medium MVPA; OR, 95% CI = 0.476, 0.326-0.668 for LST and high MVPA).
Higher amounts of MVPA appears to mitigate the increased odds of an abnormal HRR associated with HST for healthy young and middle-aged adults.
心率恢复异常（HRR）代表心脏自主神经功能障碍，是心血管疾病的重要预测指标。长时间久坐（ST）与 HRR 恢复较慢有关。然而，目前尚不清楚需要多少中等至剧烈强度的身体活动（MVPA）才能减轻年轻和中年人群久坐行为对 HRR 的不利影响。本研究旨在探讨 ST 和 MVPA 联合与该人群 HRR 异常的关系。
本横断面研究分析了来自中国福建省心肺适能评估研究中的 1253 名参与者（年龄 20-50 岁，67.8%为男性）的数据。通过跑步机上的心肺运动试验测量 HRR，计算为运动峰值时的心率与运动后 2 分钟时的心率之差。如果在此时间内 HRR 小于等于 42 次·分钟，则认为异常。ST 和 MVPA 通过 IPAQ-LF 进行评估。个体根据其 MVPA 水平（低 MVPA [0-149 分钟·周]、中 MVPA [150-299 分钟·周]、高 MVPA [≥300 分钟·周]）分为低久坐时间（LST [<6 h·天]）或高久坐时间（HST [≥6 h·天]）。最后，得出六个 ST-MVPA 组。使用逻辑回归模型检查 ST-MVPA 组与异常 HRR 发生率之间的关联。
53.1%的年轻和中年成年人每周的 MVPA 不足 300 分钟。在模型 2 中，调整了可能的混杂因素（例如年龄、性别、当前吸烟状况、当前饮酒状况、睡眠状况、体重指数）后，与 LST 相比，HST 与更高的 HRR 异常几率相关（比值比（OR）=1.473，95%置信区间（CI）=1.172-1.852）。与参考组（HST 和低 MVPA）相比，HST 和高 MVPA 组的 HRR 异常几率较低（OR，95%CI=0.553，0.385-0.795）。与 HST 和低 MVPA 个体相比，无论 MVPA 水平是低、中还是高，LST 个体的 HRR 异常几率均显著降低（OR，95%CI=0.515，0.308-0.857，用于 LST 和低 MVPA；OR，95%CI=0.558，0.345-0.902，用于 LST 和中 MVPA；OR，95%CI=0.476，0.326-0.668，用于 LST 和高 MVPA）。
对于健康的年轻和中年成年人来说，较高量的 MVPA 似乎可以减轻与 HST 相关的 HRR 异常几率增加。
