Kerstens Rebecca, Joyce Paul
Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Biomedicines. 2024 Aug 2;12(8):1738. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12081738.
Parkinson's Disease is the second most prevalent neurological disorder globally, and its cause is still largely unknown. Likewise, there is no cure, and existing treatments do little more than subdue symptoms before becoming ineffective. It is increasingly important to understand the factors contributing to Parkinson's Disease aetiology so that new and more effective pharmacotherapies can be established. In recent years, there has been an emergence of research linking gut dysbiosis to Parkinson's Disease via the gut-brain axis. Advancements in microbial profiling have led to characterisation of a Parkinson's-specific microbial signature, where novel treatments that leverage and correct gut dysbiosis are beginning to emerge for the safe and effective treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Preliminary clinical studies investigating microbiome-targeted therapeutics for Parkinson's Disease have revealed promising outcomes, and as such, the aim of this review is to provide a timely and comprehensive update of the most recent advances in this field. Faecal microbiota transplantation has emerged as a novel and potential frontrunner for microbial-based therapies due to their efficacy in alleviating Parkinson's Disease symptomology through modulation of the gut-brain axis. However, more rigorous clinical investigation, along with technological advancements in diagnostic and in vitro testing tools, are critically required to facilitate the widespread clinical translation of microbiome-targeting Parkinson's Disease therapeutics.
帕金森病是全球第二大常见的神经系统疾病，其病因在很大程度上仍然不明。同样，目前尚无治愈方法，现有的治疗措施在失效之前也只能略微缓解症状。了解导致帕金森病病因的因素变得越来越重要，以便能够开发出新的、更有效的药物疗法。近年来，出现了一些研究，通过肠-脑轴将肠道微生物群失调与帕金森病联系起来。微生物谱分析技术的进步已导致确定了帕金森病特有的微生物特征，利用并纠正肠道微生物群失调的新疗法开始出现，用于安全有效地治疗帕金森病。针对帕金森病进行微生物群靶向治疗的初步临床研究已显示出有前景的结果，因此，本综述的目的是及时全面地更新该领域的最新进展。粪便微生物群移植已成为基于微生物的疗法中一种新颖且有潜力的领先方法，因为它们能够通过调节肠-脑轴来缓解帕金森病的症状。然而，迫切需要更严格的临床研究以及诊断和体外测试工具的技术进步，以促进针对微生物群的帕金森病治疗方法在临床上的广泛应用。
