Shergill Mahek, Bajwa Barinder, Yilmaz Orhan, Tailor Karishma, Bouadi Naila, Mukovozov Ilya
Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8P 1H6, Canada.
Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Biomedicines. 2024 Aug 13;12(8):1841. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12081841.
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis characterized by pruritic, scaly, erythematous lesions. Its incidence varies but is estimated to be approximately 20% in children and between 7 and 14% in adults, with variation amongst countries. It is a multifactorial condition, with a complex interplay between genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. Research into the inflammatory response has identified new therapeutic targets that work to reduce inflammation and subsequently reduce flares. This study explores existing therapeutic agents for atopic dermatitis as well as newer therapies such as biologics and small molecules, drawing upon each agent's mechanism of action, relevant landmark clinical trials, efficacy, and safety profile. Current therapies include emollients, corticosteroids, cyclosporine A, calcineurin inhibitors, phototherapy, and methotrexate. Biologics described include dupilumab, tralokinumab, lebrikizumab, nemolizumab, and rocatinlimab. Small molecules inhibitors include Janus kinase inhibitors, phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily V member 1 antagonist, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist.
特应性皮炎是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病，其特征为瘙痒、鳞屑性、红斑性皮损。其发病率各不相同，但据估计，儿童发病率约为20%，成人发病率在7%至14%之间，不同国家存在差异。它是一种多因素疾病，遗传、免疫和环境因素之间存在复杂的相互作用。对炎症反应的研究已经确定了新的治疗靶点，这些靶点有助于减轻炎症并随后减少发作。本研究探讨了特应性皮炎的现有治疗药物以及生物制剂和小分子等新疗法，借鉴了每种药物的作用机制、相关的标志性临床试验、疗效和安全性概况。目前的治疗方法包括润肤剂、皮质类固醇、环孢素A、钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂、光疗和甲氨蝶呤。所述生物制剂包括度普利尤单抗、曲罗芦单抗、乐必妥单抗、奈莫利单抗和罗卡替尼单抗。小分子抑制剂包括 Janus 激酶抑制剂、磷酸二酯酶 4 抑制剂、瞬时受体电位香草酸亚家族 V 成员 1 拮抗剂和芳烃受体拮抗剂。
