Partyka Olga, Pajewska Monika, Czerw Aleksandra, Sygit Katarzyna, Lyubinets Oleh, Banaś Tomasz, Małecki Krzysztof, Grochans Elżbieta, Grochans Szymon, Cybulska Anna, Schneider-Matyka Daria, Cipora Elżbieta, Kaczmarski Mateusz, Sośnicki Krzysztof, Dykowska Grażyna, Sienkiewicz Zofia, Strzępek Łukasz, Bandurska Ewa, Ciećko Weronika, Drobnik Jarosław, Pobrotyn Piotr, Sierocka Aleksandra, Marczak Michał, Kozlowski Remigiusz
Department of Health Economics and Medical Law, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Economic and System Analyses, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Aug 12;12(16):1607. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12161607.
In 2020 it is estimated that 281 million people were international migrants. Migrants constitute a potentially vulnerable population in terms of facing discrimination, poor living and housing conditions, and insufficient access to healthcare services. Due to the armed conflict in Ukraine in 2022, almost 10 million people crossed the Polish border within a year of the outbreak of the conflict. The objective of this paper is to present the use of primary healthcare services by people migrating from Ukraine to Poland and identify the barriers in access to healthcare by this group of persons. This study used a qualitative research technique in the form of an expert interview using individual in-depth interviews (IDI). The study group consisted of professionally active primary healthcare providers (doctors, nurses, and facility managers) in Poland. Research was carried out in the areas regarding the availability of healthcare, the potential threats and challenges, and possible system solutions. The results showed that the most common cause for doctor's appointments among migrants are respiratory infections, including COVID-19. Many cases were related to back pain, mainly resulting from the physical work of the patients. Additionally, some barriers to access and the provision of healthcare services for patients from Ukraine were identified. The majority (75%) of respondents indicated language as a significant barrier when providing services. Based on the study results, we recommend creating a dedicated website and telephone hotline for this group of persons as well as the use of traditional media to distribute information about access to healthcare services. It is also essential to focus on assistance for older people, since they may experience more difficulties with language and navigating the healthcare system.
据估计，2020年有2.81亿人是国际移民。移民在面临歧视、恶劣的生活和住房条件以及获得医疗服务不足方面构成了一个潜在的弱势群体。由于2022年乌克兰的武装冲突，冲突爆发后的一年内，近1000万人越过了波兰边境。本文的目的是介绍从乌克兰移民到波兰的人们对初级医疗服务的使用情况，并确定这一群体在获得医疗服务方面的障碍。本研究采用了定性研究技术，以个人深入访谈（IDI）的专家访谈形式进行。研究组由波兰积极从事专业工作的初级医疗服务提供者（医生、护士和机构管理人员）组成。研究在医疗服务的可及性、潜在威胁和挑战以及可能的系统解决方案等方面展开。结果表明，移民预约看医生最常见的原因是呼吸道感染，包括新冠肺炎。许多病例与背痛有关，主要是由患者的体力劳动引起的。此外，还确定了一些针对来自乌克兰的患者获得和提供医疗服务的障碍。大多数（75%）受访者表示，语言是提供服务时的一个重大障碍。根据研究结果，我们建议为这一群体创建一个专门的网站和电话热线，并利用传统媒体传播有关获得医疗服务的信息。关注对老年人的援助也至关重要，因为他们在语言和了解医疗系统方面可能会遇到更多困难。
