Hunan Rice Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
State Key Lab of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 21;25(16):9046. doi: 10.3390/ijms25169046.
Lipids are organic nonpolar molecules with essential biological and economic importance. While the genetic pathways and regulatory networks of lipid biosynthesis and metabolism have been extensively studied and thoroughly reviewed in oil crops such as soybeans, less attention has been paid to the biological roles of lipids in rice, a staple food for the global population and a model species for plant molecular biology research, leaving a considerable knowledge gap in the biological roles of lipids. In this review, we endeavor to furnish a current overview of the advancements in understanding the genetic foundations and physiological functions of lipids, including triacylglycerol, fatty acids, and very-long-chain fatty acids. We aim to summarize the key genes in lipid biosynthesis, metabolism, and transcriptional regulation underpinning rice's developmental and growth processes, biotic stress responses, abiotic stress responses, fertility, seed longevity, and recent efforts in rice oil genetic improvement.
脂质是具有重要生物学和经济意义的有机非极性分子。虽然脂质生物合成和代谢的遗传途径和调控网络在大豆等油料作物中已经得到了广泛的研究和深入的综述，但在水稻中，脂质的生物学作用却较少受到关注，水稻是全球人口的主食，也是植物分子生物学研究的模式物种，这使得脂质的生物学作用在生物学领域留下了相当大的知识空白。在这篇综述中，我们努力提供对脂质（包括三酰甘油、脂肪酸和超长链脂肪酸）遗传基础和生理功能的理解的最新概述。我们旨在总结脂质生物合成、代谢和转录调控的关键基因，这些基因是水稻发育和生长过程、生物胁迫响应、非生物胁迫响应、育性、种子寿命以及水稻油遗传改良的最新进展的基础。
