Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China.
College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 21;25(16):9051. doi: 10.3390/ijms25169051.
Soil salinization severely limits the quality and productivity of economic crops, threatening global food security. Recent advancements have improved our understanding of how plants perceive, signal, and respond to salt stress. The discovery of the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway has been crucial in revealing the molecular mechanisms behind plant salinity tolerance. Additionally, extensive research into various plant hormones, transcription factors, and signaling molecules has greatly enhanced our knowledge of plants' salinity tolerance mechanisms. Cucurbitaceae plants, cherished for their economic value as fruits and vegetables, display sensitivity to salt stress. Despite garnering some attention, research on the salinity tolerance of these plants remains somewhat scattered and disorganized. Consequently, this article offers a review centered on three aspects: the salt response of Cucurbitaceae under stress; physiological and biochemical responses to salt stress; and the current research status of their molecular mechanisms in economically significant crops, like cucumbers, watermelons, melon, and loofahs. Additionally, some measures to improve the salt tolerance of Cucurbitaceae crops are summarized. It aims to provide insights for the in-depth exploration of Cucurbitaceae's salt response mechanisms, uncovering the roles of salt-resistant genes and fostering the cultivation of novel varieties through molecular biology in the future.
土壤盐渍化严重限制了经济作物的质量和产量，威胁到全球粮食安全。最近的进展提高了我们对植物如何感知、信号传递和响应盐胁迫的理解。盐过度敏感（SOS）途径的发现对于揭示植物耐盐性背后的分子机制至关重要。此外，对各种植物激素、转录因子和信号分子的广泛研究极大地增强了我们对植物耐盐性机制的认识。葫芦科植物因其作为水果和蔬菜的经济价值而备受珍视，但它们对盐胁迫敏感。尽管已经引起了一些关注，但这些植物耐盐性的研究仍然有些分散和无序。因此，本文围绕三个方面对葫芦科植物的耐盐性进行了综述：胁迫下葫芦科植物的盐响应；对盐胁迫的生理生化响应；以及黄瓜、西瓜、甜瓜和丝瓜等重要经济作物的分子机制的研究现状。此外，还总结了一些提高葫芦科作物耐盐性的措施。旨在为深入探索葫芦科植物的盐响应机制提供见解，揭示耐盐基因的作用，并通过分子生物学在未来培育新型品种。
