Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Molecules. 2024 Aug 9;29(16):3776. doi: 10.3390/molecules29163776.
In recent years, the increasing need for energy conservation and environmental protection has driven industries to explore more efficient and sustainable processes. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is a common method used in various sectors for separating components of liquid mixtures. However, the traditional use of toxic solvents poses significant health and environmental risks, prompting the shift toward green solvents. This review deals with the principles, applications, and advantages of aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) as an alternative to conventional LLE. ATPS, which typically utilize water and nontoxic components, offer significant benefits such as high purity and single-step biomolecule extraction. This paper explores the thermodynamic principles of ATPS, factors influencing enzyme partitioning, and recent advancements in the field. Specific emphasis is placed on the use of ATPS for enzyme extraction, showcasing its potential in improving yields and purity while minimizing environmental impact. The review also highlights the role of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents in enhancing the efficiency of ATPS, making them viable for industrial applications. The discussion extends to the challenges of integrating ATPS into biotransformation processes, including enzyme stability and process optimization. Through comprehensive analysis, this paper aims to provide insights into the future prospects of ATPS in sustainable industrial practices and biotechnological applications.
近年来，对节能环保的需求不断增长，促使各行业探索更高效、更可持续的工艺。液-液萃取（LLE）是一种常用于各领域分离液体混合物成分的常用方法。然而，传统使用有毒溶剂会带来严重的健康和环境风险，因此需要转向绿色溶剂。本文综述了双水相系统（ATPS）作为传统 LLE 的替代方法的原理、应用和优势。ATPS 通常利用水和无毒成分，具有高纯度和一步提取生物分子等显著优势。本文探讨了 ATPS 的热力学原理、影响酶分配的因素以及该领域的最新进展。特别强调了 ATPS 在酶提取中的应用，展示了其在提高产量和纯度的同时最小化环境影响的潜力。本文还强调了离子液体和深共晶溶剂在提高 ATPS 效率方面的作用，使它们适用于工业应用。讨论还扩展到了将 ATPS 集成到生物转化过程中的挑战，包括酶稳定性和过程优化。通过全面分析，本文旨在为 ATPS 在可持续工业实践和生物技术应用中的未来前景提供见解。
