Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-530 Lodz, Poland.
Interdisciplinary Doctoral School, Lodz University of Technology, 90-530 Lodz, Poland.
Molecules. 2024 Aug 9;29(16):3780. doi: 10.3390/molecules29163780.
Molds pose a severe challenge to agriculture because they cause very large crop losses. For this reason, synthetic fungicides have been used for a long time. Without adequate protection against pests and various pathogens, crop losses could be as high as 30-40%. However, concerns mainly about the environmental impact of synthetic antifungals and human health risk have prompted a search for natural alternatives. But do natural remedies only have advantages? This article reviews the current state of knowledge on the use of antifungal substances in agriculture to protect seeds against phytopathogens. The advantages and disadvantages of using both synthetic and natural fungicides to protect cereal grains were discussed, indicating specific examples and mechanisms of action. The possibilities of an integrated control approach, combining cultural, biological, and chemical methods are described, constituting a holistic strategy for sustainable mold management in the grain industry.
霉菌对农业构成了严重的挑战，因为它们会导致大量作物损失。出于这个原因，合成杀菌剂已经使用了很长时间。如果没有充分的保护来防止害虫和各种病原体的侵害，作物损失可能高达 30-40%。然而，主要关注的是合成抗真菌剂对环境的影响和人类健康风险，这促使人们寻找天然替代品。但是，天然疗法是否只有优势？本文回顾了农业中使用抗真菌物质来保护种子免受植物病原体侵害的最新知识。讨论了使用合成和天然杀菌剂来保护谷物的优缺点，并指出了具体的例子和作用机制。描述了综合控制方法的可能性，结合了文化、生物和化学方法，构成了粮食行业可持续霉菌管理的整体战略。
