Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, 7718897111 Rafsanjan, Iran.
Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bio-Protection des Plantes-EA 4707-USC INRAE1488, 51100 Reims, France.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2024 Mar 15;29(3):105. doi: 10.31083/j.fbl2903105.
Phytopathogens, encompassing fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes, pose a significant threat to the agricultural industry by causing substantial economic losses through severe plant diseases. The excessive use of synthetic fungicides to combat phytopathogens has raised environmental and human health concerns.
Consequently, there is an increasing demand for safe and environmentally friendly biopesticides to align with consumer preferences for uncontaminated food. One particularly promising alternative to synthetic fungicides involves harnessing biocontrol bacteria that produce extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. These enzymes serve to effectively manage phytopathogens while concurrently fostering sustainable plant protection. Among the pivotal hydrolytic enzymes generated by biocontrol bacteria are chitinase, cellulase, protease, lipase, glucanase, and amylase. These enzymes exert their influence by breaking down the cell wall, proteins, and DNA of phytopathogens, thereby establishing a dependable method of biocontrol.
Recognizing the critical role of these hydrolytic enzymes in sustainable biocontrol, this review seeks to delve into their primary functions, contribution to sustainable plant protection, and mechanisms of action. Through an exploration of the potential presented by biocontrol bacteria and their enzymatic mechanisms, we can discern effective and environmentally conscious strategies for managing phytopathogens in agriculture.
植物病原菌（包括真菌、细菌、病毒和线虫）会引发严重的植物病害，给农业产业造成巨大的经济损失，因此对其必须加以重视。为了防治植物病原菌，人们过度使用合成杀菌剂，这引发了人们对环境和人类健康的担忧。
因此，人们越来越需要安全且对环境友好的生物农药，以满足消费者对无污染食品的偏好。一种有前景的替代合成杀菌剂的方法是利用产生细胞外水解酶的生防细菌。这些酶可以有效地控制植物病原菌，同时促进可持续的植物保护。生防细菌产生的关键水解酶包括几丁质酶、纤维素酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶、葡聚糖酶和淀粉酶。这些酶通过分解植物病原菌的细胞壁、蛋白质和 DNA 来发挥作用，从而建立了一种可靠的生物防治方法。
鉴于这些水解酶在可持续生物防治中的重要作用，本综述旨在深入探讨它们的主要功能、对可持续植物保护的贡献以及作用机制。通过探索生防细菌及其酶机制所带来的潜力，我们可以确定在农业中管理植物病原菌的有效且具有环保意识的策略。
