Antimicrobial Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles and Species on and Several Other Microorganisms.

This study evaluates the antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs), varying in size, against clinical isolates of (MTB), , , , and , as well as the antimicrobial effects of aqueous extracts and lyophilized powders of (garlic) species. CNPs were synthesized through ionotropic gelation and characterized by Z potential, hydrodynamic diameter (dynamic light scattering, DLS), and SEM. Aqueous garlic extracts were prepared via decoction. We assessed antimicrobial activity using disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods; in addition, a modified agar proportion method in blood agar was used for antimicrobial activity against MTB. CNPs inhibited MTB growth at 300 μg for 116.6 nm particles and 400 μg for 364.4 nm particles. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed against with nanoparticles between 200 and 280 nm. extract produced inhibition for at 100 μg. The results indicate that CNPs possess significant antimicrobial properties against a range of pathogens, including MTB, at high concentrations. On the other hand, aqueous extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity. Nonetheless, due to their instability in solution, the use of lyophilized powder is preferable.