Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
Nutrients. 2024 Aug 22;16(16):2799. doi: 10.3390/nu16162799.
In professional soccer, body composition analysis is crucial to assess preparation and optimize performance. Different playing positions have different physical demands, which can lead to variations in body composition. However, there are few studies on women's soccer that consider the playing position. This study aims to fill that gap by examining position-specific differences in anthropometric and body composition characteristics among Spanish professional female soccer players at the beginning and end of pre-season. Furthermore, it investigates the possible changes during the pre-season period between positions and correlates the data obtained from anthropometric equations with bioimpedance (BIA) measurements.
Thirty-four female soccer players: 8 midfielders, 12 defenders, 11 forwards, and 3 goalkeepers (age: 23.06 ± 4.29 years, height: 164.15 ± 5.84 cm, weight: 58.39 ± 6.62 kg, and ∑6 skinfolds: 74.57 ± 18.48 mm) completed the study that lasted 4 weeks (pre-season) where they were measured anthropometrically and by bioimpedance twice.
Goalkeepers showed greater wingspan (176.60 ± 7.06 < 0.05) compared to other positions. Regarding differences during pre-season, midfielders had the greatest decrease in ∑6 skinfolds compared to other positions (∆ -12.10 ± 5.69 < 0.05). There was a correlation of % fat between Faulkner's equation and BIA (Pearson's = 0.817).
It seems that there are no significant differences in terms of positions and body composition, except for the wingspan and ankle diameter. During pre-season, midfielders are the ones who improve their body composition the greatest. The anthropometric equation for body fat that shows the highest correlation with BIA is Faulkner's equation, followed by Durnin's equation.
在职业足球中，身体成分分析对于评估准备情况和优化表现至关重要。不同的场上位置有不同的身体需求，这可能导致身体成分的变化。然而，很少有研究关注女性足球运动员的场上位置。本研究旨在通过检查西班牙职业女性足球运动员在赛季前的开始和结束时的位置特异性差异来填补这一空白，研究内容包括人体测量学和身体成分特征。此外，还研究了赛季前期间位置之间的可能变化，并将人体测量学方程获得的数据与生物阻抗（BIA）测量相关联。
34 名女性足球运动员（8 名中场球员、12 名后卫、11 名前锋和 3 名守门员）完成了为期 4 周（赛季前）的研究，他们接受了两次人体测量学和生物阻抗测量。
守门员的臂展（176.60 ± 7.06 < 0.05）大于其他位置。关于赛季前的差异，中场球员的∑6 皮褶厚度比其他位置减少得最多（∆ -12.10 ± 5.69 < 0.05）。Faulkner 方程和 BIA 之间的体脂百分比存在相关性（Pearson's = 0.817）。
除了臂展和踝围外，在位置和身体成分方面似乎没有显著差异。在赛季前，中场球员的身体成分改善最大。与 BIA 相关性最高的体脂人体测量学方程是 Faulkner 方程，其次是 Durnin 方程。
