Wold Marissa, Oancea Sanda Cristina
Master of Public Health Program, Department of Population Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Aug 21;12(8):931. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12080931.
There is limited literature regarding seasonal influenza vaccination (SIV) among those with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HCOPD) prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, and no information on the topic assessing the years following the pandemic. This cross-sectional study used the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) data from the years 2017 to 2022 ( = 822,783 adults ages 50-79 years; 50.64% males). The exposure was a HCOPD, and the outcome was SIV within the past year. Weighted and adjusted logistic regression models were conducted overall and by the significant effect modifiers: smoking status, sex, and year. Having an HCOPD significantly increases the weighted adjusted odds (WAO) of SIV when compared to not having an HCOPD overall and by smoking status, sex, and year. For 2017 through 2022, among all current, former, and never smokers with an HCOPD, the WAO of SIV were: 1.36 (1.28, 1.45), 1.35 (1.27, 1.43), and 1.18 (1.09, 1.27), respectively. Among males with an HCOPD who were current, former, and never smokers, the WAO of SIV were: 1.35 (1.23, 1.48), 1.45 (1.33, 1.58), and 1.23 (1.05, 1.44), respectively. Among females with an HCOPD who were current, former, and never smokers, the WAO of SIV were: 1.31 (1.20, 1.43), 1.24 (1.15, 1.35), and 1.13 (1.04, 1.23), respectively. Study findings suggest males had significantly greater WAO ratios of receiving SIV than females in 2020 and 2022, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. More specifically, males with an HCOPD who were former smokers had significantly greater WAOR of receiving SIV than females in 2020 and 2022. Understanding the potential barriers to SIV receipt by smoking status and sex, especially during a pandemic, and especially for individuals impacted by an HCOPD, is essential for better health interventions in times of a national crisis such as a pandemic. Additionally, SIV receipt is low among those with an HCOPD, and efforts should be made to improve this.
在2019冠状病毒病大流行之前，关于慢性阻塞性肺疾病（HCOPD）患者季节性流感疫苗接种（SIV）的文献有限，且没有关于大流行后几年该主题的评估信息。这项横断面研究使用了2017年至2022年的行为风险因素监测调查（BRFSS）数据（n = 822,783名50 - 79岁成年人；50.64%为男性）。暴露因素为HCOPD，结果为过去一年中的SIV接种情况。总体上以及按显著效应修饰因素（吸烟状况、性别和年份）进行了加权和调整后的逻辑回归模型分析。与没有HCOPD相比，患有HCOPD总体上以及按吸烟状况、性别和年份来看，均显著增加了SIV接种的加权调整后优势比（WAO）。2017年至2022年期间，在所有患有HCOPD的当前吸烟者、既往吸烟者和从不吸烟者中，SIV接种的WAO分别为：1.36（1.28, 1.45）、1.35（1.27, 1.43）和1.18（1.09, 1.27）。在患有HCOPD的男性当前吸烟者、既往吸烟者和从不吸烟者中，SIV接种的WAO分别为：1.35（1.23, 1.48）、1.45（1.33, 1.58）和1.23（1.05, 1.44）。在患有HCOPD的女性当前吸烟者、既往吸烟者和从不吸烟者中，SIV接种的WAO分别为：1.31（1.20, 1.43）、1.24（1.15, 1.35）和1.13（1.04, 1.23）。研究结果表明，在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间及之后的2020年和2022年，男性接受SIV接种的WAO比率显著高于女性。更具体地说，在2020年和2022年，患有HCOPD的既往吸烟男性接受SIV接种的WAOR显著高于女性。了解按吸烟状况和性别划分的SIV接种潜在障碍，尤其是在大流行期间，特别是对于受HCOPD影响的个体，对于在大流行等国家危机时期进行更好的健康干预至关重要。此外，HCOPD患者的SIV接种率较低，应努力加以改善。
