Spigaglia Patrizia
Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy.
Pathogens. 2024 Jul 31;13(8):646. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13080646.
is the main causative agent of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in hospitals in the developed world. Both infected patients and asymptomatic colonized individuals represent important transmission sources of . infection (CDI) shows a large range of symptoms, from mild diarrhea to severe manifestations such as pseudomembranous colitis. Epidemiological changes in CDIs have been observed in the last two decades, with the emergence of highly virulent types and more numerous and severe CDI cases in the community. interacts with the gut microbiota throughout its entire life cycle, and the 's role as colonizer or invader largely depends on alterations in the gut microbiota, which itself can promote and maintain. The restoration of the gut microbiota to a healthy state is considered potentially effective for the prevention and treatment of CDI. Besides a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), many other approaches to re-establishing intestinal eubiosis are currently under investigation. This review aims to explore current data on and gut microbiota changes in colonized individuals and infected patients with a consideration of the recent emergence of highly virulent types, with an overview of the microbial interventions used to restore the human gut microbiota.
是发达国家医院中抗生素相关性腹泻（AAD）的主要致病因子。感染患者和无症状定植个体都是感染的重要传播源。艰难梭菌感染（CDI）表现出广泛的症状，从轻度腹泻到严重表现，如假膜性结肠炎。在过去二十年中观察到CDI的流行病学变化，出现了高毒力类型，且社区中CDI病例数量更多、病情更严重。艰难梭菌在其整个生命周期中都与肠道微生物群相互作用，其作为定植者或入侵者的作用在很大程度上取决于肠道微生物群的改变，而艰难梭菌本身可以促进和维持这种改变。将肠道微生物群恢复到健康状态被认为对CDI的预防和治疗具有潜在效果。除了粪便微生物群移植（FMT）外，目前许多其他重建肠道微生态平衡的方法正在研究中。本综述旨在探讨关于定植个体和感染患者中艰难梭菌及肠道微生物群变化的现有数据，同时考虑到最近出现的高毒力艰难梭菌类型，并概述用于恢复人类肠道微生物群的微生物干预措施。
