Kaplan Jeffrey B, Sukhishvili Svetlana A, Sailer Miloslav, Kridin Khalaf, Ramasubbu Narayanan
Laboratory for Skin Research, Institute for Medical Research, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Pathogens. 2024 Aug 7;13(8):668. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13080668.
The extracellular matrix of most bacterial biofilms contains polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids. These biopolymers have been shown to mediate fundamental biofilm-related phenotypes including surface attachment, intercellular adhesion, and biocide resistance. Enzymes that degrade polymeric biofilm matrix components, including glycoside hydrolases, proteases, and nucleases, are useful tools for studying the structure and function of biofilm matrix components and are also being investigated as potential antibiofilm agents for clinical use. Dispersin B is a well-studied, broad-spectrum antibiofilm glycoside hydrolase produced by . Dispersin B degrades poly--acetylglucosamine, a biofilm matrix polysaccharide that mediates biofilm formation, stress tolerance, and biocide resistance in numerous Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens. Dispersin B has been shown to inhibit biofilm and pellicle formation; detach preformed biofilms; disaggregate bacterial flocs; sensitize preformed biofilms to detachment by enzymes, detergents, and metal chelators; and sensitize preformed biofilms to killing by antiseptics, antibiotics, bacteriophages, macrophages, and predatory bacteria. This review summarizes the results of nearly 100 in vitro and in vivo studies that have been carried out on dispersin B since its discovery 20 years ago. These include investigations into the biological function of the enzyme, its structure and mechanism of action, and its in vitro and in vivo antibiofilm activities against numerous bacterial species. Also discussed are potential clinical applications of dispersin B.
大多数细菌生物膜的细胞外基质包含多糖、蛋白质和核酸。这些生物聚合物已被证明可介导与生物膜相关的基本表型，包括表面附着、细胞间粘附和抗微生物剂抗性。能够降解聚合生物膜基质成分的酶，包括糖苷水解酶、蛋白酶和核酸酶，是研究生物膜基质成分结构和功能的有用工具，同时也作为潜在的临床用抗生物膜剂正在接受研究。分散素B是一种经过充分研究的广谱抗生物膜糖苷水解酶，由……产生。分散素B可降解聚N-乙酰葡糖胺，这是一种生物膜基质多糖，在众多革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性病原体中介导生物膜形成、应激耐受性和抗微生物剂抗性。已证明分散素B可抑制生物膜和菌膜形成；使预先形成的生物膜脱落；使细菌絮体解体；使预先形成的生物膜对酶、去污剂和金属螯合剂介导的脱落敏感；以及使预先形成的生物膜对防腐剂、抗生素、噬菌体、巨噬细胞和捕食性细菌的杀灭敏感。这篇综述总结了自20年前发现分散素B以来近100项体外和体内研究的结果。这些研究包括对该酶生物学功能、其结构和作用机制，以及其对众多细菌物种的体外和体内抗生物膜活性的研究。还讨论了分散素B的潜在临床应用。
