Medarević Djordje, Čežek Maša, Knežević Aleksandar, Turković Erna, Barudžija Tanja, Samardžić Stevan, Maksimović Zoran
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Pharmaceutics. 2024 Aug 20;16(8):1090. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16081090.
A lack of strategies for the utilization of harvest residues (HRs) has led to serious environmental problems due to an accumulation of these residues or their burning in the field. In this study, wheat and corn HRs were used as feedstock for the production of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by treatment with 2-8% sodium hydroxide, 10% hydrogen peroxide and further hydrolysis with 1-2 M hydrochloric acid. The changes in the FT-IR spectra and PXRD diffractograms after chemical treatment confirmed the removal of most of the lignin, hemicellulose and amorphous fraction of cellulose. A higher degree of crystallinity was observed for MCC obtained from corn HRs, which was attributed to a more efficient removal of lignin and hemicellulose by a higher sodium hydroxide concentration, which facilitates the dissolution of amorphous cellulose during acid hydrolysis. MCC obtained from HRs exhibited lower bulk density and poorer flow properties but similar or better tableting properties compared to commercial MCC (Ceolus PH101). The lower ejection and detachment stress suggests that MCC isolated from HRs requires less lubricant compared to commercial MCC. This study showed that MCC isolated from wheat and corn HRs exhibits comparable tableting behaviour like commercial sample, further supporting this type of agricultural waste utilization.
由于收获残余物（HRs）的积累或在田间焚烧，缺乏利用这些残余物的策略已导致严重的环境问题。在本研究中，小麦和玉米HRs被用作原料，通过用2 - 8%的氢氧化钠、10%的过氧化氢处理，并进一步用1 - 2 M盐酸水解来生产微晶纤维素（MCC）。化学处理后傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT - IR）和粉末X射线衍射图谱（PXRD）的变化证实了大部分木质素、半纤维素和纤维素无定形部分的去除。从玉米HRs获得的MCC观察到更高的结晶度，这归因于较高浓度的氢氧化钠更有效地去除了木质素和半纤维素，这有利于在酸水解过程中无定形纤维素的溶解。与商业MCC（Ceolus PH101）相比，从HRs获得的MCC表现出较低的堆密度和较差的流动性能，但具有相似或更好的压片性能。较低的顶出和脱模应力表明，与商业MCC相比，从HRs分离得到的MCC需要更少的润滑剂。本研究表明，从小麦和玉米HRs中分离得到的MCC表现出与商业样品相当的压片行为，进一步支持了这种农业废弃物的利用方式。
