Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Aug 21;24(16):5399. doi: 10.3390/s24165399.
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles produced by almost all cell types in the human body, and exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that are known to serve as important biomarkers for diseases such as cancer. Given that the upregulation of miR-106b is closely associated with several types of malignancies, the sensitive and accurate detection of miR-106b is important but difficult. In this study, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) biosensor was developed to detect miR-106b isolated from cancer cells based on immunoaffinity separation technique using our unique paddle screw device. Our novel SAW biosensor could detect a miR-106b concentration as low as 0.0034 pM in a linear range from 0.1 pM to 1.0 μM with a correlation coefficient of 0.997. Additionally, we were able to successfully detect miR-106b in total RNA extracted from the exosomes isolated from the MCF-7 cancer cell line, a model system for human breast cancer, with performance comparable to commercial RT-qPCR methods. Therefore, the exosome isolation by the paddle screw method and the miRNA detection using the SAW biosensor has the potential to be used in basic biological research and clinical diagnosis as an alternative to RT-qPCR.
外泌体是人体几乎所有细胞类型产生的小细胞外囊泡，外泌体 microRNAs（miRNAs）是小的非编码 RNA 分子，已知它们可作为癌症等疾病的重要生物标志物。鉴于 miR-106b 的上调与几种类型的恶性肿瘤密切相关，因此灵敏且准确地检测 miR-106b 很重要但具有难度。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种基于免疫亲和分离技术的表面声波（SAW）生物传感器，用于检测从癌细胞中分离的 miR-106b，该技术使用了我们独特的桨式螺杆装置。我们的新型 SAW 生物传感器可以检测到低至 0.0034 pM 的 miR-106b 浓度，在 0.1 pM 至 1.0 μM 的线性范围内具有 0.997 的相关系数。此外，我们能够成功地从 MCF-7 癌细胞系分离的外泌体中提取的总 RNA 中检测到 miR-106b，MCF-7 细胞系是人类乳腺癌的模型系统，其性能可与商业 RT-qPCR 方法相媲美。因此，桨式螺杆方法的外泌体分离和使用 SAW 生物传感器的 miRNA 检测有可能替代 RT-qPCR 用于基础生物学研究和临床诊断。
