Zhu Xunhua, Liu Pengcheng, Yu Hui, Wang Libo, Zhong Huaqing, Xu Menghua, Lu Lijuan, Jia Ran, Su Liyun, Cao Lingfeng, Zhai Xiaowen, Wang Yi, Xu Jin
Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Aug 14;15:1427702. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1427702. eCollection 2024.
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the infection of (MP) decreased significantly. At the beginning of the summer of 2023, there was an increasing trend of MP infection in China and the MP pneumonia (MPP) is surging when it comes to the school season and lasts for several months which has attracted widespread attention.
This study aims to investigate the prevalent characteristics of the MP and the difference between the COVID-19 pandemic and the post in Shanghai, China.
The demographic information and the results of laboratory pathogen detection from July 2021 to May 2024 were collected and analyzed to find out the prevalent characteristics of MP. Two periods, during the COVID-19 pandemic and the post-pandemic, were divided and compared. The P1 genotyping and macrolide resistance-associated gene of 23 s rRNA were detected using the remaining MP-positive samples.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of the MP has significantly decreased. Female children are more susceptible to MP infection than the male. The school-aged group (>6 years) had the highest infection rate. The rate of MP P1 genotype during post panel is higher than that during COVID-19 pandemic, which is dominant from July 2021 to May 2024, while the macrolide-resistant associated mutations (A2063G) keep high percentage during or post pandemic.
After the COVID-19 pandemic, an outbreak of MP infection occurred from summer onwards in 2023 with children in Shanghai, China. Immunity debt and high rate of macrolide-resistance may take effects in this MP epidemic. Continuous surveillance of MP is necessary to help to alert the prevalence of MPP.
在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，肺炎支原体（MP）感染显著减少。2023年夏初，中国MP感染呈上升趋势，在开学季MP肺炎（MPP）激增并持续数月，引起广泛关注。
本研究旨在调查MP的流行特征以及中国上海在COVID-19大流行期间与之后的差异。
收集并分析2021年7月至2024年5月的人口统计学信息和实验室病原体检测结果，以了解MP的流行特征。划分并比较COVID-19大流行期间和大流行后两个时期。使用剩余的MP阳性样本检测23 s rRNA的P1基因分型和大环内酯耐药相关基因。
在COVID-19大流行期间，MP的流行率显著下降。女童比男童更容易感染MP。学龄组（>6岁）感染率最高。大流行后时期的MP P1基因型率高于COVID-19大流行期间，在2021年7月至2024年5月期间占主导地位，而大环内酯耐药相关突变（A2063G）在大流行期间或之后保持较高比例。
COVID-19大流行后，2023年夏季起中国上海儿童中出现MP感染暴发。免疫债和大环内酯高耐药率可能在此次MP流行中起作用。持续监测MP对于警惕MPP的流行很有必要。
