Burtch G D, Shatney C H
Am Surg. 1985 Apr;51(4):204-7.
Following several deaths from pulmonary aspiration in severely ill or chronically debilitated patients receiving nasogastric tube feedings, a study was undertaken to determine the incidence of aspiration pneumonitis in patients with feeding gastrostomies. During a 15-month interval, 22 feeding gastrostomies and nine feeding jejunostomies were performed. In the former group, eight patients experienced aspiration pneumonitis, with two deaths. Six patients with Stamm gastrostomies and two patients with permanent mucosal-lined gastrostomies experienced pulmonary aspiration. In contrast, aspiration pneumonia did not occur in our small series of patients with feeding jejunostomies. The high incidence of pulmonary aspiration in patients with feeding gastrostomies strongly suggests that, for chronic enteral nutrition in patients who are unable to protect their airway, a feeding jejunostomy is preferable to a feeding gastrostomy.
在接受鼻饲管喂养的重症或慢性虚弱患者中发生了几起因肺误吸导致的死亡事件后，开展了一项研究以确定行胃造口术喂养患者的误吸性肺炎发生率。在15个月的时间里，共进行了22例胃造口术喂养和9例空肠造口术喂养。在前一组中，8例患者发生了误吸性肺炎，2例死亡。6例行 Stamm 胃造口术的患者和2例行永久性黏膜内衬胃造口术的患者发生了肺误吸。相比之下，在我们这一小系列行空肠造口术喂养的患者中未发生吸入性肺炎。胃造口术喂养患者的肺误吸发生率很高，这强烈表明，对于无法保护气道的患者进行长期肠内营养时，空肠造口术喂养比胃造口术喂养更可取。
