Siquenique Sónia, Ackerman Shanny, Schroeder Avi, Sarmento Bruno
i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
The Louis Family Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
Trends Biotechnol. 2025 Feb;43(2):348-363. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.08.004. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
Synthetic cells (SCs) offer a promising approach for therapeutic protein delivery, combining principles from synthetic biology and drug delivery. Engineered to mimic natural cells, SCs provide biocompatibility and versatility, with precise control over their architecture and composition. Protein production is essential in living cells, and SCs aim to replicate this process using compartmentalized cell-free protein synthesis systems within lipid bilayers. Lipid bilayers serve as favored membranes in SC design due to their similarity to the biological cell membrane. Moreover, engineering lipidic membranes enable tissue-specific targeting and immune evasion, while stimulus-responsive SCs allow for triggered protein production and release. This Review explores lipid-based SCs as platforms for therapeutic protein delivery, discussing their design principles, functional attributes, and translational challenges and potential.
合成细胞（SCs）为治疗性蛋白质递送提供了一种很有前景的方法，它结合了合成生物学和药物递送的原理。通过工程设计来模拟天然细胞，SCs具有生物相容性和多功能性，并且能够对其结构和组成进行精确控制。蛋白质生产在活细胞中至关重要，SCs旨在利用脂质双层内的区室化无细胞蛋白质合成系统来复制这一过程。脂质双层由于与生物细胞膜相似，因此在SCs设计中是首选的膜。此外，对脂质膜进行工程改造可实现组织特异性靶向和免疫逃避，而刺激响应性SCs则能够触发蛋白质的生产和释放。本综述探讨了基于脂质的SCs作为治疗性蛋白质递送平台的相关内容，讨论了它们的设计原则、功能特性、转化挑战及潜力。
