Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2024 Aug 29;12(4):e004179. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004179.
Adipsin or complement factor D is an adipokine that augments insulin secretion, is altered in various degrees of obesity, and is involved in alternative complement pathway. However, whether adipsin has any independent association with risk factors and biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains elusive.
We performed an oral glucose tolerance test on a subset of 43 patients with T2D from the community health cohort to access the role of adipsin in insulin secretion. We further cross-sectionally examined the role of adipsin in plasma, adipose tissue (AT), and secretion in a community cohort of 353 subjects and a hospital cohort of 52 subjects.
We found that plasma adipsin has no significant correlation with insulin secretion in people with diabetes. Among the risk factors of T2D, adipsin levels were independently associated only with age, and a positive correlation between plasma adipsin and age among subjects without T2D was lost in patients with T2D. Plasma adipsin levels, AT adipsin expression, and secretion were upregulated both in T2D and aging, with a corresponding drop in Homeostatic Model Assessment for assessing β-cell function. Adipsin expression was positively associated with other aging biomarkers, such as β-galactosidase, p21, and p16. These results also corroborated with existing plasma proteomic signatures of aging, including growth, and differentiation factor-15, which strongly correlated with adipsin.
Our results demonstrate an increase in circulating adipsin in T2D and aging, and it scores as a candidate plasma marker for aging specifically in non-T2D population.
脂联素或补体因子 D 是一种脂肪因子，可增强胰岛素分泌，在不同程度的肥胖中发生改变，并参与替代补体途径。然而，脂联素是否与 2 型糖尿病（T2D）患者的危险因素和生物标志物有任何独立关联仍不清楚。
我们对社区健康队列中的 43 名 T2D 患者进行了口服葡萄糖耐量试验，以研究脂联素在胰岛素分泌中的作用。我们进一步在 353 名社区队列和 52 名医院队列受试者中进行了横断面研究，以研究脂联素在血浆、脂肪组织（AT）和分泌中的作用。
我们发现糖尿病患者的血浆脂联素与胰岛素分泌无显著相关性。在 T2D 的危险因素中，脂联素水平仅与年龄独立相关，在无 T2D 的受试者中，血浆脂联素与年龄之间的正相关在 T2D 患者中消失。血浆脂联素水平、AT 脂联素表达和分泌在 T2D 和衰老中均上调，而评估 β 细胞功能的稳态模型评估则相应下降。脂联素表达与其他衰老生物标志物呈正相关，如β-半乳糖苷酶、p21 和 p16。这些结果也与现有的衰老血浆蛋白质组学特征相符，包括生长和分化因子 15，它与脂联素强烈相关。
我们的研究结果表明，T2D 和衰老患者的循环脂联素增加，脂联素是 T2D 患者以外人群衰老的候选血浆标志物。
