Joyce Grace S, Shukla Ridhima
Department of Psychology, Christ (Deemed to be University) Delhi NCR, Delhi, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 30;16(7):e65748. doi: 10.7759/cureus.65748. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Parenting practices have been described as the practices employed by a parent and the parent-child communication, with the focus on raising a child in the best possible manner while instilling cultural, ethical, and personal values. One similar yet different construct that holds significance in the development of a child is parental socialization of emotion. Parental socialization of emotion is the interaction between the parents and child regarding the emotional experience of the child. This has been considered an essential marker of the development of the emotional and social competence of an individual. There are several scales in the aspect of parenting practices. However, scales for parental socialization of emotion especially considering the perception of adolescents and young adults have yet to fully be explored.
The aim of the study is to establish a comprehensive tool that enables the measurement of perceived parental socialization of emotion (PPSE). The process of tool construction, data collection, and analysis was done in five phases that included reviewing existing tools and identification of domains (Phase 1); generation of an item pool (Phase 2); content validity, face validity, and inter-rater reliability (Phase 3); finalization of the tool for data collection (Phase 4); and data collection and analysis (Phase 5). The study for tool construction included participants from ages 13-28 years representing adolescents and young adults from schools and colleges located in New Delhi, India, as well as Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India. The research design used was a cross-sectional design, and the data were collected through purposive sampling, including males (N = 337) and females (N = 424). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to check the factorability and for item reduction.
The results aided in reducing the number of items from 160 to 46 including the process of content validity, inter-rater reliability, item-total statistic, and factor loading of EFA. The factors above the eigenvalue of 3 were retained while items above the factor loading of 0.50 were taken into consideration. A good Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.88 for the overall tool was established, with 0.89, 0.84, and 0.87 for the domains Awareness, Acceptance, and Coaching, respectively.
The scale constructed includes both the positive and negative emotions of an individual and tries to understand the perspective of the receiver of the parenting practice. The study helps in understanding the phenomenon of PPSE, which might also aid in creating awareness regarding efficient parenting practices.
育儿实践被描述为父母所采用的做法以及亲子沟通，重点是以尽可能好的方式养育孩子，同时灌输文化、道德和个人价值观。在孩子成长过程中具有重要意义的一个类似但又有所不同的概念是父母的情感社会化。父母的情感社会化是指父母与孩子之间关于孩子情感体验的互动。这被认为是个体情感和社会能力发展的一个重要标志。在育儿实践方面有多种量表。然而，关于父母情感社会化的量表，尤其是考虑到青少年和年轻人的认知情况，尚未得到充分探索。
本研究的目的是建立一个全面的工具，用于测量感知到的父母情感社会化（PPSE）。工具构建、数据收集和分析过程分五个阶段进行，包括审查现有工具并确定领域（阶段1）；生成项目池（阶段2）；内容效度、表面效度和评分者间信度（阶段3）；确定用于数据收集的工具（阶段4）；以及数据收集和分析（阶段5）。工具构建研究的参与者年龄在13至28岁之间，代表来自印度新德里以及印度中央邦瓜廖尔的学校和学院的青少年和年轻人。所采用的研究设计是横断面设计，数据通过立意抽样收集，包括男性（N = 337）和女性（N = 424）。探索性因素分析（EFA）用于检查因素可分解性并进行项目删减。
结果有助于将项目数量从160个减少到46个，这一过程包括内容效度、评分者间信度、项目 - 总分统计以及EFA的因素负荷。保留特征值大于3的因素，同时考虑因素负荷大于0.50的项目。整个工具的Cronbach's alpha系数良好，为0.88，意识、接受和指导领域的系数分别为0.89、0.84和0.87。
构建的量表涵盖了个体的积极和消极情绪，并试图理解育儿实践接受者的观点。该研究有助于理解PPSE现象，这也可能有助于提高对有效育儿实践的认识。
