Rossi Silvana, Jorge Priscilla A, Scherer Rafael, Kara-Junior Newton
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2025 Jun;32(3):285-292. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2024.2378770. Epub 2024 Aug 30.
This study aimed to assess the frequency of cataract surgery in Brazil between 2010 and 2019 and determine the impact of public policies on preventing blindness, thereby providing evidence to conduct healthcare programs.
An analytical epidemiological approach was employed, which used data from public databases, specifically the Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS) and the Outpatient Information System (SIA-SUS). We focused on cataract surgeries conducted via phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction techniques between 2010 and 2019, mainly targeting senile cataracts within the Brazilian public health system. Data were analyzed on an annual basis and stratified by region. Trends over time were assessed using generalized additive models.
A statistically significant upward trend in cataract surgeries was observed both nationally and within the South region ( < 0.05). Nationally, there was a 40.22% increase in surgeries between 2010 and 2019. Furthermore, the surgery rate per 1000 individuals aged ≥50 years varied across regions: nationally, it was 10.85, with rates of 9.23 in the Southeast, 13.86 in the Northeast, 9.23 in the South, 11.94 in the Midwest, and 14.2 in the North.
All regions of the country, a satisfactory number of cataract surgeries were performed at some point. Only the Southern region demonstrated a notable upward trend in the number of cataract surgeries. Conversely, the remaining regions failed to sustain surgical performance, hindering consistent improvement in cataract-related conditions. To accurately gauge the prevalence of blindness in Brazil, it is crucial to examine the population growth among individuals aged ≥50 years.
本研究旨在评估2010年至2019年巴西白内障手术的频率，并确定公共政策对预防失明的影响，从而为开展医疗保健项目提供证据。
采用分析性流行病学方法，使用来自公共数据库的数据，特别是医院信息系统（SIH-SUS）和门诊信息系统（SIA-SUS）。我们关注2010年至2019年期间通过超声乳化和囊外白内障摘除技术进行的白内障手术，主要针对巴西公共卫生系统内的老年性白内障。每年对数据进行分析并按地区分层。使用广义相加模型评估随时间的趋势。
在全国和南部地区均观察到白内障手术有统计学意义的上升趋势（<0.05）。在全国范围内，2010年至2019年手术量增加了40.22%。此外，每1000名年龄≥50岁的个体的手术率因地区而异：全国为10.85，东南部为9.23，东北部为13.86，南部为9.23，中西部为11.94，北部为14.2。
在该国所有地区，在某些时候都进行了数量可观的白内障手术。只有南部地区白内障手术数量呈现出显著的上升趋势。相反，其余地区未能维持手术量，阻碍了白内障相关病情的持续改善。为准确衡量巴西失明的患病率，研究年龄≥50岁个体的人口增长情况至关重要。
