Lundar T, Nestvold K
Childs Nerv Syst. 1985;1(1):24-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00706726.
In an unselected series of 488 patients with head injuries referred to a general surgical department, there were 126 children aged 0-19 years whose head injuries were a result of traffic accidents. In age group 0-4 years, only 23% of the head injuries were due to traffic accidents. In age groups 5-9, 10-14, and 15-19 years, however, traffic accidents were the main cause of the injuries, being responsible for 47%, 65% and 82% of the cases respectively. Both age groups 5-9 and 10-14 years had an unusually high proportion of bicycle injuries, while motorcycle and automobile accidents were the leading causes of injury in age group 15-19 years. Eight children (6%) died as a result of head trauma. Furthermore, among the survivors there were 8 children with severe head injuries (post-traumatic amnesia lasting 24 h), the rest being minor head injuries. All the survivors but one returned to school and achieved reasonable performances. Repeated follow-up studies at 3 months, 1 and 5 years, including interviews with the parents, disclosed that several of the children had headache, dizziness and other complaints. These subjective complaints subsided with time, but with different patterns, in the younger and older age groups. It is concluded that the "postconcussional syndrome" is not uncommon in children, but it may be better tolerated and resolves more completely with time than in adults. Eight children (7%) had one seizure or more during the 5-year follow-up period.
在一所普通外科接收的488例头部受伤患者中，有126名0至19岁儿童，其头部受伤是交通事故所致。在0至4岁年龄组中，只有23%的头部受伤是由交通事故引起的。然而，在5至9岁、10至14岁和15至19岁年龄组中，交通事故是受伤的主要原因，分别占病例的47%、65%和82%。5至9岁和10至14岁这两个年龄组中自行车受伤的比例异常高，而摩托车和汽车事故是15至19岁年龄组受伤的主要原因。8名儿童（6%）因头部外伤死亡。此外，在幸存者中有8名儿童头部受重伤（创伤后遗忘持续24小时），其余为轻度头部受伤。除一名幸存者外，所有幸存者都重返学校并取得了不错的成绩。在3个月、1年和5年进行的多次随访研究，包括与家长的面谈，发现有几名儿童有头痛、头晕和其他不适症状。这些主观不适症状会随着时间消退，但在较年轻和较年长年龄组中的消退模式不同。研究得出结论，“脑震荡后综合征”在儿童中并不罕见，但与成人相比，儿童可能对其耐受性更好，且随着时间推移能更完全地康复。8名儿童（7%）在5年随访期间发生了一次或多次癫痫发作。
