School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Nov;279(Pt 2):135158. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135158. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
Strawberry is a perishable fruit, susceptible to development of rot by a range of fungi, in particular Botrytis cinerea. Chitosan represents an alternative to agrochemicals for improving shelf-life and fighting fungal pathogens. A chitosan-based coating derived from pupal exuviae of Hermetia illucens has been recently formulated for improving shelf-life of strawberry stored at 4 °C and mixed condition (4 °C and room temperature). The effects of a decolored (PEDEC) and not decolored (PEND) chitosan from the black soldier fly were evaluated and compared with commercial chitosans from crustaceans (CCs), in vitro and in vivo. An inhibition/reduction of fungal growth and a disturbance of normal fungal morphology were observed, being MIC of 0.5 mg mL and 1 mg mL and growth inhibition of 70 % and 4% for PEND and PEDEC, respectively. Both edible coatings distributed via aerograph showed equal or better potential application than CCs in controlling B. cinerea in strawberry post-harvest treated. Different effects for chitosans depended on their different molecular weight and deacetylation degree distributions, and the presence or absence of melanin pigments in their structure. PEND could act directly against the fungus, with effects predominantly associated with fungitoxic properties; PEDEC might principally provide viable alternatives, such as the elicitation of biochemical defense responses in fruits, for example through total phenols, in particular the flavonoids.
草莓是一种易腐水果，容易受到多种真菌的腐烂，特别是灰葡萄孢的影响。壳聚糖是一种替代农用化学品的方法，可以延长货架期并对抗真菌病原体。最近，从黑水虻蛹壳中提取的壳聚糖基涂层已被用于延长草莓的货架期，草莓在 4°C 和混合条件（4°C 和室温）下储存。评估了来自黑水虻的脱色（PEDEC）和未脱色（PEND）壳聚糖与来自甲壳类动物的商业壳聚糖（CCs）的体外和体内效果，并进行了比较。观察到真菌生长的抑制/减少和正常真菌形态的破坏，PEDEC 和 PEND 的 MIC 分别为 0.5 mg mL 和 1 mg mL，生长抑制率分别为 70%和 4%。通过喷雾器分配的两种可食用涂层在控制草莓采后处理中灰葡萄孢方面的潜在应用与 CCs 一样或更好。壳聚糖的不同作用取决于其分子量和脱乙酰度分布的不同，以及其结构中是否存在黑色素颜料。PEND 可以直接对抗真菌，其作用主要与真菌毒性特性有关；PEDEC 可能主要提供可行的替代品，例如通过总酚类物质，特别是类黄酮，在水果中引发生化防御反应。
