Wu Yingying, Wang Jingyi, Wang Shenli, Ke Yijie, Ren Tianyi, Wang Ying
College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.
Foods. 2025 Apr 3;14(7):1260. doi: 10.3390/foods14071260.
Gray mold, caused by , is the primary factor contributing to postharvest losses in table grape fruit. In this study, we have identified amphotericin B (AMB), a natural compound originating from , as a promising agent in managing postharvest gray mold in table grapes. In vitro experiments demonstrated that 0.2 mg/L AMB achieved an inhibition rate of over 90% against in PDA medium, and in vivo assays on grape berries showed that 200 mg/L AMB treatment could completely suppress the occurrence of gray mold disease. A mechanism analysis found that AMB treatment disrupted the plasma membrane structure, which consequently triggered cellular leakage and induced cell death. Furthermore, AMB application effectively modulated the transcriptional profile of genes related to redox homeostasis, transmembrane transport, and peroxidase functions in , thereby reducing the virulence of the fungus. In addition, AMB treatment had the potential to activate defense mechanisms in table grapes by enhancing the activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes and defense-associated enzymes. Collectively, AMB can be regarded as a natural antifungal agent that effectively combats , thereby extending the postharvest shelf life of table grape fruit.
由[未提及具体病原菌名称]引起的灰霉病是导致鲜食葡萄采后损失的主要因素。在本研究中，我们已鉴定出两性霉素B（AMB），一种源自[未提及具体来源]的天然化合物，是控制鲜食葡萄采后灰霉病的一种有前景的药剂。体外实验表明，在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PDA）培养基中，0.2 mg/L的AMB对[未提及具体病原菌名称]的抑制率超过90%，对葡萄浆果的体内试验表明，200 mg/L的AMB处理可完全抑制灰霉病的发生。机制分析发现，AMB处理破坏了质膜结构，从而引发细胞渗漏并诱导细胞死亡。此外，AMB的应用有效地调节了与[未提及具体病原菌名称]中氧化还原稳态、跨膜运输和过氧化物酶功能相关基因的转录谱，从而降低了真菌的毒力。此外，AMB处理有可能通过增强活性氧清除酶和防御相关酶的活性来激活鲜食葡萄中的防御机制。总体而言，AMB可被视为一种能有效对抗[未提及具体病原菌名称]的天然抗真菌剂，从而延长鲜食葡萄的采后货架期。
