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儿童电解质紊乱相关急症。

Electrolyte disorders related emergencies in children.

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.

Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.

出版信息

BMC Nephrol. 2024 Aug 30;25(1):282. doi: 10.1186/s12882-024-03725-5.

DOI:10.1186/s12882-024-03725-5
PMID:39215244
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11363364/
Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive overview of electrolyte and water homeostasis in pediatric patients, focusing on some of the common serum electrolyte abnormalities encountered in clinical practice. Understanding pathophysiology, taking a detailed history, performing comprehensive physical examinations, and ordering basic laboratory investigations are essential for the timely proper management of these conditions. We will discuss the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies for each electrolyte disorder. This article aims to enhance the clinical approach to pediatric patients with electrolyte imbalance-related emergencies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.Trial registration This manuscript does not include a clinical trial; instead, it provides an updated review of literature.

摘要

本文全面概述了儿科患者的电解质和水稳态，重点介绍了临床实践中常见的一些血清电解质异常。了解病理生理学、详细询问病史、进行全面体格检查和进行基本实验室检查对于这些情况的及时适当管理至关重要。我们将讨论每种电解质紊乱的病理生理学、临床表现、诊断方法和治疗策略。本文旨在提高临床医生对电解质失衡相关急症儿科患者的处理方法，最终改善患者的结局。

文献类型：综述

临床试验编号：无

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0d38/11363364/9c03b6a3569f/12882_2024_3725_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0d38/11363364/8c0ddbad5e7f/12882_2024_3725_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0d38/11363364/de44e1a74848/12882_2024_3725_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0d38/11363364/a333cf9b18d3/12882_2024_3725_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0d38/11363364/9c03b6a3569f/12882_2024_3725_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0d38/11363364/8c0ddbad5e7f/12882_2024_3725_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0d38/11363364/de44e1a74848/12882_2024_3725_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0d38/11363364/a333cf9b18d3/12882_2024_3725_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0d38/11363364/9c03b6a3569f/12882_2024_3725_Fig4_HTML.jpg

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2
Review of the Pathophysiologic and Clinical Aspects of Hypokalemia in Children and Young Adults: an Update.儿童和青年低钾血症的病理生理及临床方面综述：最新进展
Curr Treat Options Pediatr. 2022;8(3):96-114. doi: 10.1007/s40746-022-00240-3. Epub 2022 May 18.
3
Potassium homeostasis - Physiology and pharmacology in a clinical context.钾离子稳态：临床相关的生理学和药理学。
Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Sep;249:108489. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108489. Epub 2023 Jul 15.
4
The pathophysiology of distal renal tubular acidosis.远端肾小管性酸中毒的病理生理学。
Nat Rev Nephrol. 2023 Jun;19(6):384-400. doi: 10.1038/s41581-023-00699-9. Epub 2023 Apr 4.
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Evaluation of Parenteral Potassium Supplementation in Pediatric Patients.儿科患者肠外补钾的评估
J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2023;28(1):48-54. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-28.1.48. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
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Endocrine Society Hypercalcemia of Malignancy Guidelines.内分泌学会恶性肿瘤相关性高钙血症指南。
JAMA Oncol. 2023 Mar 1;9(3):430-431. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.7941.
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Pediatr Neonatol. 2022 Nov;63(6):575-581. doi: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2022.04.008. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
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Hypernatremia in Newborns: A Practical Approach to Management.新生儿高钠血症：一种实用的管理方法。
Biomed Hub. 2022 May 19;7(2):55-69. doi: 10.1159/000524637. eCollection 2022 May-Aug.
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Diagnosis and management of hypernatraemia in children.儿童高钠血症的诊断和治疗。
Acta Paediatr. 2022 Mar;111(3):505-510. doi: 10.1111/apa.16170. Epub 2021 Nov 11.
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Magnesium Treatment in Pediatric Patients.儿童患者的镁治疗。
J Pediatr Health Care. 2021 Sep-Oct;35(5):564-571. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2021.03.003.