The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason Business and Innovation Center, 8700 Mason-Montgomery Road, Mason, OH, 45040, USA.
Salus Research Inc, 1220 Medical Park Drive, Building 4, Ft. Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, 46825, USA.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Aug 30;24(1):1019. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04785-7.
Periodontal disease results in oral dysbiosis, increasing plaque virulence and oxidative stress. Stannous fluoride (SnF) binds lipopolysaccharides to reduce plaque virulence. This study prospectively assessed SnF effects on oxidative stress in adults with gingivitis.
This was a 2-month, single-center, single-treatment clinical trial. Twenty "disease" (> 20 bleeding sites with ≥ 3 pockets 3 mm-4 mm deep) and 20 "healthy" (≤ 3 bleeding sites with pockets ≤ 2 mm deep) adults were enrolled. All participants were instructed to use SnF dentifrice twice daily for 2 months. An oral examination, Modified Gingival Index (MGI) examination and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) examination were conducted at baseline, 1 month and 2 months. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, oral lavage and supragingival plaque were collected at each visit to evaluate: Endotoxins, Protein Carbonyls, L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxi-LDL), IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP). A subset-analysis examined participants considered at higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Change-from-baseline analyses within each group were of primary interest.
The disease group showed statistically significant reductions in GBI at Month 1 (67%) and Month 2 (85%) and in MGI at Month 1 (36%) and Month 2 (51%) versus baseline (p < 0.001). At baseline, the disease group showed greater LDH in GCF and oxi-LDL levels in saliva versus the healthy group (p ≤ 0.01). Total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) in saliva increased versus baseline for the disease group at Months 1 and 2 (p < 0.05), and levels for the disease group were greater than the healthy group at both timepoints (p < 0.05). SnF treatment reduced endotoxins (lavage) for both disease and healthy groups at Month 2 (p ≤ 0.021) versus baseline. There was a reduction in oxidative stress markers, namely protein carbonyl in saliva, at Months 1 and 2 (p < 0.001) for both groups and a reduction in cytokine IL-6 (lavage) in the disease group at Month 2 (p = 0.005). A subset analysis of participants at higher coronary disease risk showed reductions in endotoxins in lavage, oxi-LDL, and CRP in saliva at Month 2 (p ≤ 0.04).
SnF dentifrice use reversed gingival inflammation, suppressed endotoxins and reduced some harmful oxidant products in saliva and gingiva.
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05326373, registered on 13/04/2022.
牙周病导致口腔菌群失调，增加菌斑毒性和氧化应激。氟化亚锡（SnF）结合脂多糖以降低菌斑毒性。本研究前瞻性评估了 SnF 对牙龈炎成人氧化应激的影响。
这是一项为期 2 个月的单中心单治疗临床试验。招募了 20 名“疾病”（>20 个出血部位，≥3 个深达 3-4 毫米的口袋）和 20 名“健康”（≤3 个出血部位，口袋深度≤2 毫米）成年人。所有参与者均被指示使用 SnF 牙膏每天刷牙两次，持续 2 个月。基线、1 个月和 2 个月时进行口腔检查、改良龈指数（MGI）检查和牙龈出血指数（GBI）检查。每次就诊时收集龈沟液（GCF）、唾液、口腔冲洗液和龈上菌斑，以评估：内毒素、蛋白羰基、L-乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）、氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxi-LDL）、白细胞介素 6（IL-6）和 C 反应蛋白（CRP）。亚组分析检查了被认为有更高心血管疾病风险的参与者。主要关注每个组内自基线的变化分析。
疾病组在第 1 个月（67%）和第 2 个月（85%）的 GBI 以及第 1 个月（36%）和第 2 个月（51%）的 MGI 均显示出统计学意义上的显著降低，与基线相比（p<0.001）。基线时，疾病组 GCF 中的 LDH 和唾液中的 oxLDL 水平均高于健康组（p≤0.01）。疾病组的唾液总抗氧化能力（FRAP）在第 1 个月和第 2 个月均较基线升高（p<0.05），且两组的 FRAP 水平在两个时间点均高于健康组（p<0.05）。SnF 治疗在第 2 个月降低了疾病和健康两组的内毒素（冲洗液）（p≤0.021）与基线相比。两组的唾液蛋白羰基等氧化应激标志物在第 1 个月和第 2 个月均减少（p<0.001），疾病组的细胞因子白细胞介素 6（冲洗液）在第 2 个月减少（p=0.005）。对具有更高冠心病风险的参与者的亚组分析显示，第 2 个月冲洗液中的内毒素、唾液中的 oxLDL 和 CRP 以及唾液中的 CRP 均减少（p≤0.04）。
SnF 牙膏的使用逆转了牙龈炎症，抑制了内毒素，并减少了唾液和牙龈中一些有害的氧化剂产物。
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05326373，于 2022 年 4 月 13 日注册。
