Molecular Testing Laboratory, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Beirut, Lebanon.
Molecular Testing Laboratory, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Beirut, Lebanon.
J Infect Public Health. 2024 Oct;17(10):102535. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102535. Epub 2024 Aug 30.
The gut microbiome is made up of a diverse range of bacteria, especially gram-negative bacteria, and is crucial for human health and illness. There is a great deal of interest in the dynamic interactions between gram-negative bacteria and their host environment, especially considering antibiotic resistance. This work aims to isolate gram-negative bacteria that exist in the gut, identify their species, and use resistance-associated gene analysis to define their resistance mechanisms.
Samples were collected from all patients who had a stool culture at a tertiary care center in Lebanon. Each type of bacteria that was identified from the stool samples was subjected to critical evaluations, and all discovered strains underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Polymerase chain reaction was used to profile the genes for Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), and that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.
Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa turned out to be the predominant microbiota members. Escherichia coli strains had a high frequency of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes, with the most discovered gene being bla CTX-M. Additionally, a considerable percentage of isolates had carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae genes, suggesting the rise of multidrug-resistant strains. Multidrug resistance genes, such as bla mexR, bla mexB, and bla mexA, were found in strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, highlighting the possible difficulties in treating infections brought on by these bacteria.
The findings highlight the critical importance of effective surveillance and response measures to maintain the effectiveness of antibiotics considering the introduction of multidrug resistance genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and ESBL and CRE genes in Escherichia coli.
肠道微生物群由多种细菌组成，尤其是革兰氏阴性菌，对人类健康和疾病至关重要。人们对革兰氏阴性菌与其宿主环境之间的动态相互作用非常感兴趣，尤其是考虑到抗生素耐药性。这项工作旨在分离存在于肠道中的革兰氏阴性菌，鉴定其种类，并利用耐药相关基因分析来定义其耐药机制。
从黎巴嫩一家三级保健中心的所有接受粪便培养的患者中采集样本。对粪便样本中鉴定出的每种细菌进行了严格评估，所有发现的菌株均进行了抗菌药物敏感性试验。聚合酶链反应用于分析耐碳青霉烯肠杆菌科（CRE）、超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）和铜绿假单胞菌的基因特征。
大肠杆菌、克雷伯菌属和铜绿假单胞菌成为主要的微生物群成员。大肠杆菌菌株具有高频的扩展谱β-内酰胺酶基因，最常见的基因是 bla CTX-M。此外，相当一部分分离株具有耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌科基因，表明多药耐药株的出现。铜绿假单胞菌菌株中发现了多药耐药基因，如 bla mexR、bla mexB 和 bla mexA，这突出了治疗这些细菌引起的感染可能存在的困难。
这些发现强调了在引入铜绿假单胞菌中的多药耐药基因以及大肠杆菌中的 ESBL 和 CRE 基因的情况下，必须采取有效的监测和应对措施来维持抗生素的有效性。
