Department of Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Front Public Health. 2024 Aug 16;12:1403012. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1403012. eCollection 2024.
() infecting animals and humans via close contact, handling, or consuming contaminated products is a growing public health concern. In Ethiopia, it is important to examine the overall prevalence of , patterns of multidrug resistance, and potential risks in human-animal interface settings. Thus, this review was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of , its multidrug resistance, and potential risk factors for worker-animal-working equipment interactions.
This systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out by the PRISMA guidelines. The research articles were searched from PubMed, HINARI, Web of Sciences, and Google Scholar databases.
This meta-analysis included 13 independent articles and 52 dependent studies. In total, 5,329 humans, 5,475 animals, and 5,119 samples of working equipment were analyzed. The pooled prevalence of at the interfaces between humans, animals, and working equipment was 22%, there was a high level of heterogeneity (I = 94%: < 0.01). The overall pooled prevalence of in dairy farm sources was 23% (95% CI, 17-30%) compared to 18% in abattoirs. The pooled prevalence of was estimated to be 25% for human sources, 23% for animal sources, and 19% for working equipment. The total multidrug resistance (MDR) rate was 27%. The present study illustrates that a predominant antimicrobials comprising ampicillin, penicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin, accounts for the development of resistance in strains, with a prevalence of 72%. According to the qualitative assessment of potential risk factors, animal age, worker education, lactation stage, and hand washing by milkers influenced the circulation of at animal-worker and working equipment interfaces.
The pooled prevalence of at the interface of human,-and animal-working equipment was quantified at 22%. was found in humans, animals, and equipment at nearly the same rate. The results of this study demonstrate that is hazardous and circulates among animals, workers, and equipment: farmers, animal owners, employees, and the public need to be educated about . Moreover, animals and work equipment should be included in the control and prevention of infection.
（）通过密切接触、处理或食用受污染的产品感染动物和人类，这是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。在埃塞俄比亚，检查人类-动物-工作设备界面中 的总体流行率、多药耐药模式以及潜在风险非常重要。因此，进行了这项综述，以估计 的总体流行率、其多药耐药性以及人与动物-工作设备交互的潜在危险因素。
本系统评价和荟萃分析按照 PRISMA 指南进行。研究文章从 PubMed、HINARI、Web of Sciences 和 Google Scholar 数据库中检索。
这项荟萃分析包括 13 篇独立文章和 52 项依赖研究。总共分析了 5329 名人类、5475 只动物和 5119 份工作设备样本。人类、动物和工作设备界面之间 的总体流行率为 22%，存在高度异质性（I=94%：<0.01）。来自奶牛场的 总体流行率为 23%（95%CI，17-30%），而屠宰场的流行率为 18%。人类来源 的 的估计流行率为 25%，动物来源的流行率为 23%，工作设备的流行率为 19%。总多药耐药（MDR）率为 27%。本研究表明，主要的抗菌药物包括氨苄西林、青霉素、氯霉素、四环素和环丙沙星，导致 菌株的耐药性发展，耐药率为 72%。根据潜在危险因素的定性评估，动物年龄、工人教育、泌乳阶段和挤奶工洗手，影响了动物-工人和工作设备界面中 的循环。
在人类-动物-工作设备界面， 的总体流行率为 22%。在人类、动物和设备中都发现了 ，流行率几乎相同。本研究结果表明， 是危险的，在动物、工人和设备中传播：农民、动物主人、员工和公众需要接受关于 的教育。此外，应将动物和工作设备纳入 感染的控制和预防。
