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小肠异位静脉曲张作为肝硬化患者不明原因胃肠道出血的一个病因

Small Intestine Ectopic Varices as a Cause of Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a Cirrhotic Patient.

作者信息

Abosheaishaa Hazem, Abdelhalim Omar, Hegazy Yasser, Abdelwahed Abdelrahman, Ahmed Nourhan, Nassar Mahmoud

机构信息

Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Queens Hospital Center, New York, USA.

Internal Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, USA.

出版信息

Cureus. 2024 Aug 1;16(8):e65959. doi: 10.7759/cureus.65959. eCollection 2024 Aug.

DOI:10.7759/cureus.65959
PMID:39221393
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11365586/
Abstract

Portal hypertension is a major complication of liver cirrhosis, leading to various life-threatening conditions. The most common of these is the formation and bleeding of varices at the portosystemic anastomosis. Varices are most commonly esophageal or gastric and less commonly ectopic. Although ectopic varices are rare, they should be considered as a cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patients. We present a case of ruptured ectopic varices in the small intestine of a known cirrhotic patient who presented with anemia and melena, alternated with hematochezia. The case was managed with Histoacryl injection using push enteroscopy, resulting in adequate hemostasis.

摘要

门静脉高压是肝硬化的主要并发症,可导致各种危及生命的情况。其中最常见的是门体静脉吻合处静脉曲张的形成和出血。静脉曲张最常见于食管或胃,较少见的是异位静脉曲张。尽管异位静脉曲张很少见,但在肝硬化患者中,应将其视为不明原因胃肠道出血的一个原因。我们报告一例已知肝硬化患者小肠异位静脉曲张破裂的病例,该患者表现为贫血和黑便,交替出现便血。该病例通过推进式小肠镜注射组织黏合剂进行治疗,实现了充分止血。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9992/11365586/5be87493046d/cureus-0016-00000065959-i01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9992/11365586/5be87493046d/cureus-0016-00000065959-i01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9992/11365586/5be87493046d/cureus-0016-00000065959-i01.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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Management of ectopic variceal bleeding with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: a systematic review of case reports.经颈静脉肝内门体分流术治疗异位静脉曲张出血的管理:病例报告的系统评价。
Emerg Radiol. 2024 Aug;31(4):581-594. doi: 10.1007/s10140-024-02258-6. Epub 2024 Jun 27.
2
Video capsule endoscopic appearance of small intestinal varices causing obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.导致不明原因胃肠道出血的小肠静脉曲张的视频胶囊内镜表现。
Indian J Gastroenterol. 2024 May 2. doi: 10.1007/s12664-024-01594-2.
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New sights in ectopic varices in portal hypertension.
门静脉高压症异位静脉曲张的新发现。
QJM. 2024 Jun 25;117(6):397-412. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcae026.
4
Role of balloon enteroscopy for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding in those with surgically altered anatomy: A systematic review.气囊小肠镜在解剖结构改变的患者隐匿性胃肠道出血中的作用:一项系统评价。
World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2022 Jul 16;14(7):434-442. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v14.i7.434.
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Endoscopic Treatment of Gastric and Ectopic Varices.内镜治疗胃和异位静脉曲张。
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Revising consensus in portal hypertension: report of the Baveno V consensus workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension.门静脉高压共识的修订:巴韦诺V门静脉高压诊断与治疗方法共识研讨会报告
J Hepatol. 2010 Oct;53(4):762-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.06.004. Epub 2010 Jun 27.
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Updates in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of ectopic varices.异位静脉曲张的发病机制、诊断和治疗的新进展。
Hepatol Int. 2008 Sep;2(3):322-34. doi: 10.1007/s12072-008-9074-1. Epub 2008 May 31.
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