National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland (Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion).
University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland (Department of Demography).
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2024 Sep 10;37(3):335-350. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.02369. Epub 2024 Aug 21.
The aim of this work is to initiate or revive a scientific discussion on the impact of professional life on the parameters of human lifespan.
Presented analysis is based on 8578 Polish elite or well-known person who died in 2001-2021.
The results of the conducted analysis indicate that in the case of men the highest values of the median age at death were characteristic of freelancers (median [Me] ± quartile deviation [QD] 85.5±8.5 years), followed by scientists and academic teachers of the biological and medical specialty (Me±QD 84.0±7.5 years) and officers of power structures (Me±QD 83.5±8.5 years). Subsequently, the highest value of the median age at death was recorded for social activists (Me±QD 83.0±9.5 years), clergy (Me±QD 82.0±7.5 years) and scientists and academic teachers of specialties other than biological and medical (Me±QD 82.0±8.0 years). Significantly, at the very end of this list are athletes (Me±QD 77.0±9.0 years). Nevertheless, the results of the analysis confirm that professional athletes are characterized by higher median age at death compared to the general population. Analysis made only within athletes group demonstrated that the parameters of lifespan of athletes of endurance disciplines (Me±QD 78.0±8.0 years) are the most favorable compared to athletes of other disciplines, in particular in compare to team sports athletes (Me±QD 75.0±10.0 years) or combat sports athletes (Me±QD 75.0±7.1 years).
What is new and innovative in this paper is comparing the lifespan characteristics of athletes in comparison to widely represented group of other professions with higher socio-economic status. Unexpectedly, the lifespan of athletes occurred to be lower than for fast all other analyzed occupational groups, except mainly of entertainment musicians. Finally, the results presented in this paper emphasize the need to analyze the lifespan characteristics of athletes in a broader scope than only in relation to the general population. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2024;37(3):335-50.
本研究旨在发起或重新展开关于职业生活对人类寿命参数影响的科学讨论。
本研究基于 2001 年至 2021 年期间去世的 8578 名波兰精英或知名人士。
分析结果表明，在男性中，死亡时的中位年龄最高的是自由职业者（中位数 [Me] ±四分位距 [QD] 85.5±8.5 岁），其次是生物医学专业的科学家和学术教师（Me±QD 84.0±7.5 岁）和权力机构的官员（Me±QD 83.5±8.5 岁）。随后，死亡时的中位年龄最高的是社会活动家（Me±QD 83.0±9.5 岁）、神职人员（Me±QD 82.0±7.5 岁）和非生物医学专业的科学家和学术教师（Me±QD 82.0±8.0 岁）。值得注意的是，在这个名单的末尾是运动员（Me±QD 77.0±9.0 岁）。然而，分析结果证实，职业运动员的中位年龄比一般人群更高。仅在运动员组内进行的分析表明，耐力项目运动员的寿命参数（Me±QD 78.0±8.0 岁）比其他项目的运动员更有利，特别是与团队运动运动员（Me±QD 75.0±10.0 岁）或格斗运动运动员（Me±QD 75.0±7.1 岁）相比。
本文的创新之处在于将运动员的寿命特征与具有较高社会经济地位的广泛代表性职业群体进行比较。出乎意料的是，运动员的寿命比几乎所有其他分析的职业群体都要低，除了主要的娱乐音乐行业。最后，本文提出的结果强调需要更广泛地分析运动员的寿命特征，而不仅仅是与一般人群相关。国际职业医学与环境卫生杂志 2024 年；37（3）：335-50。
