Department of Engineering, Durham University, Durham, UK.
Int J Artif Organs. 2024 Oct;47(10):765-773. doi: 10.1177/03913988241268419. Epub 2024 Sep 2.
Fontan procedure, the standard surgical palliation to treat children with single ventricular defects, causes systemic complications over years due to lack of pumping at cavopulmonary junction. A device developed specifically for cavopulmonary support is thus considered, while current commercial ventricular assist devices (VAD) induce high shear rates to blood, and have issues with paediatric suitability.
To demonstrate the feasibility of a small, valveless, non-invasive to blood and pulsatile rotary pump, which integrates impedance and peristaltic effects.
A prototype pump was designed and fabricated in-house without any effort to optimise its specification. It was then tested in vitro, in terms of effect of pumping frequency, background pressure differences and pump size on output performance.
Net flow rate (NFR) and maximum pressure head delivery are both reasonably linearly dependent on pumping frequency within normal physiological range. Positive linearity is also observed between NFR and the extent of asymmetric pumping. The device regulates NFR in favourable pressure head difference and overcomes significant adverse pressure head difference. Additionally, performance is shown to be insensitive to device size.
The feasibility of the novel rotary pump integrating impedance and peristaltic effects is demonstrated to perform in normal physiological conditions without any optimisation effort. It provides promising results for possible future paediatric cavopulmonary support and warrants further investigation of miniaturisation and possible haemolysis.
Fontan 手术是治疗单心室缺陷儿童的标准手术姑息疗法，但由于腔静脉-肺动脉连接部位缺乏泵送功能，多年来会导致全身性并发症。因此，人们考虑开发一种专门用于腔静脉-肺动脉支持的设备，而目前的商业心室辅助设备 (VAD) 会对血液产生高剪切率，并存在不适合儿科使用的问题。
展示一种小型、无阀、对血液无侵入性且脉动旋转的泵的可行性，该泵结合了阻抗和蠕动效应。
在没有优化其规格的努力下，在内部设计并制造了一种原型泵。然后，根据泵送频率、背景压力差和泵尺寸对输出性能的影响，在体外对其进行了测试。
在正常生理范围内，净流量 (NFR) 和最大压力头输送都与泵送频率呈合理的线性关系。NFR 与不对称泵送的程度之间也存在正线性关系。该设备在有利的压力头差下调节 NFR 并克服了显著的不利压力头差。此外，性能对设备尺寸不敏感。
在没有任何优化努力的情况下，证明了结合阻抗和蠕动效应的新型旋转泵在正常生理条件下运行的可行性。它为未来可能的儿科腔静脉-肺动脉支持提供了有希望的结果，并需要进一步研究小型化和可能的溶血问题。
