Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Jalan Universiti 1, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Science and Technical Education, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Jalan Universiti 1, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 2;24(1):2387. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19844-5.
Students' physical fitness has always been the focus of attention of the Chinese government, and the school as an important way to improve students' physical fitness, there are many studies on the current status of the implementation of physical education in schools, and there are many studies that use self-made questionnaires to investigate the implementation of physical education in schools, but most of the studies do not adequately validate the self-made questionnaires, so the purpose of this study was to develop a questionnaire to assess the level of implementation of physical education programmes in Chinese junior secondary schools and to test its reliability and validity.
The content of the questionnaire was developed based on the content of Annex 1 of the Assessment Measures for Physical Education in Primary and Secondary Schools issued by the Ministry of Education of China in 2014 and was modified based on feedback from the expert panel and pre-test participants. The questionnaire was initially tested for validity by 5 expert reviewers, and then we collected data information from 350 participants and conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to explore the factor structure of the initial version. One week later, 40 of the 350 participants were randomly selected to assess test-retest reliability.
The I-CVI and KAPPA value analysis results of the expert review results show that the questionnaire has extremely high reliability and consistency among experts. EFA results indicate that the five dimensions of this questionnaire are highly reliable. In the test-retest reliability, the Pearson correlation coefficients of the initial test data and the retest data of each dimension are all greater than 0.7, and the significance probability values are all less than 0.05, reaching the significance level, the results show that the questionnaire has good stability.
This study concluded that the 5 dimensions and 38 items of this questionnaire had high reliability and validity and could be used as a preliminary tool to measure the implementation level of physical education programs in junior high schools in China. However, future research should explore the potential need for adjustment to suit different regions and cultures.
学生体质一直是中国政府关注的焦点，而学校作为提高学生体质的重要途径，针对学校体育实施现状的研究很多，且有很多研究采用自制问卷对学校体育实施情况进行调查，但大多数研究对自制问卷的验证不够充分，因此本研究旨在编制一份评估中国初中体育课程实施水平的问卷，并检验其信度和效度。
问卷内容基于 2014 年教育部发布的《中小学体育评估措施》附件 1 的内容，并根据专家小组和预测试参与者的反馈进行修改。问卷初步通过 5 位专家评审进行有效性检验，然后我们从 350 名参与者收集数据信息，并进行探索性因素分析（EFA）以探讨初始版本的因素结构。一周后，从 350 名参与者中随机抽取 40 名参与者评估测试-重测信度。
专家评审结果的 I-CVI 和 KAPPA 值分析结果表明，问卷在专家之间具有极高的可靠性和一致性。EFA 结果表明，该问卷的五个维度高度可靠。在重测信度方面，初始测试数据和每个维度的重测数据的 Pearson 相关系数均大于 0.7，且显著性概率值均小于 0.05，达到显著性水平，结果表明问卷具有良好的稳定性。
本研究得出结论，该问卷的 5 个维度和 38 个项目具有较高的信度和效度，可作为初步工具用于衡量中国初中体育课程实施水平。然而，未来的研究应探索适应不同地区和文化的潜在调整需求。
