Alfanjarín Monfort Irene, Rebagliato Marisa, Estarlich Marisa, Cases Amparo, Ballester Ferran, Llop Sabrina, López-Espinosa María-José, González Llúcia
Universitat Jaume I. Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina. Castelló de la Plana. Comunidad Valenciana. España..
Universitat de València. Facultat d'Infermeria i Podologia. Valencia. España..
An Sist Sanit Navar. 2024 Aug 29;47(2):e1079. doi: 10.23938/ASSN.1079.
The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between noise disturbance at home, sleep disturbance, and neurodevelopmental problems in 9-year-old children.
Noise exposure (frequency) perceived by 430 9-year-old children from the INMA cohort in Valencia, Spain, were reported by their mothers. The risk of developing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems, were assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist.
The risk of internalizing (18%) and externalizing problems (11.7%) was higher compared to the risk of developing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (1.4%) and were more prevalent in boys than in girls. The most common and bothersome noise exposures were generated at home (50.8-55.3%) and by neighbours (24.5%). The risk of neurodevelopmental problems was associated with sleep disturbances, particularly in relation with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (16.1 vs 4%; p<0.001), with no differences observed between sex. Sleep disturbances were significantly more common in children exposed to noise from household or neighbours. High levels of noise exposure from street traffic and neighbours were linked to an increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, while noise from other children at home was associated with a higher risk of internalizing and externalizing problems. These effects remained consistent even after adjusting for sleep disturbances.
High levels of noise annoyance from various sources perceived at home are differently associated with the risks of different neurodevelopmental problems in 9-year-old boys and girls, with sleep disturbances not influencing this relationship.
本研究旨在评估9岁儿童在家中受到的噪音干扰、睡眠障碍与神经发育问题之间的关系。
西班牙巴伦西亚INMA队列中430名9岁儿童的母亲报告了她们孩子所感知到的噪音暴露（频率）。使用儿童行为检查表评估患注意力缺陷多动障碍以及内化和外化问题的风险。
与患注意力缺陷多动障碍的风险（1.4%）相比，内化问题（18%）和外化问题（11.7%）的风险更高，且在男孩中比在女孩中更普遍。最常见且烦人的噪音暴露来自家中（50.8 - 55.3%）和邻居（24.5%）。神经发育问题的风险与睡眠障碍相关，特别是与注意力缺陷多动障碍相关（16.1%对4%；p<0.001），性别之间未观察到差异。在受到家庭或邻居噪音影响的儿童中，睡眠障碍明显更常见。来自街道交通和邻居的高噪音暴露与注意力缺陷多动障碍风险增加有关，而家中其他孩子产生的噪音与内化和外化问题的较高风险有关。即使在对睡眠障碍进行调整后，这些影响仍然一致。
在家中感知到的来自各种来源的高噪音烦恼与9岁男孩和女孩不同神经发育问题的风险存在不同关联，睡眠障碍不影响这种关系。
