Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli.
Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Piazza Lauro De Bosis.
J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2024 Oct 1;25(10):731-739. doi: 10.2459/JCM.0000000000001657. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
Supraventricular extra beats (SVEB) are frequently observed in athletes but data on significance, prognostic role and correlation with cardiac remodeling are contrasting. It is uncertain whether SVEB may indicate the development of more complex arrhythmias and the need for closer monitoring is undetermined. The aim was to assess the prevalence and clinical significance of BESV in Olympic athletes of different sporting disciplines, evaluating potential correlations with cardiac remodeling and clinical features.
We enrolled athletes who participated at 2012-2022 Olympic Games, submitted to physical examination, blood tests, echocardiography and exercise tests, categorized into power, skills, endurance and mixed disciplines.
We studied 1492 elite athletes: 56% male individuals, mean age 25.8 ± 5.1 years; 29.5% practiced power, 12.3% skills, 21% endurance and 37.2% mixed disciplines. At exercise-stress tests, 6.2% had SVEB, mostly single beats. SVEB were not influenced by anthropometrics or blood test results. They were more common in male individuals (77.4 vs. 54.6%, P < 0.0001) and older athletes (27.1 ± 5.7 vs. 25.7 ± 5.1, P = 0.01). In male athletes with SVEB, higher left atrial volumes were observed (24.2 ± 7.3 vs. 22.2 ± 7.1 ml/m2, P = 0.03). No differences were found in terms of sporting discipline: despite larger left atrial dimensions in aerobic disciplines, SVEB rates were similar in different sporting disciplines (6.1% endurance, 6.3% mixed, 5.2% power and 8.7% skills; P = 0.435).
SVEB were more common in older, male athletes and associated with higher left atrial volume (especially in male individuals) regardless of sport practiced. Athletes with greater left atrial volume and SVEB are supposed to have higher risk, in middle age, of developing more complex arrhythmias.
室上性期外收缩（SVEB）在运动员中经常观察到，但关于其意义、预后作用以及与心脏重构的相关性的数据存在差异。目前尚不确定 SVEB 是否可能表明更复杂的心律失常的发展，以及是否需要更密切的监测。目的是评估不同运动项目的奥林匹克运动员中 BESV 的患病率和临床意义，评估其与心脏重构和临床特征的潜在相关性。
我们招募了参加 2012-2022 年奥运会的运动员，进行体格检查、血液检查、超声心动图和运动试验，分为力量型、技能型、耐力型和混合型。
我们研究了 1492 名精英运动员：56%为男性，平均年龄 25.8±5.1 岁；29.5%为力量型运动员，12.3%为技能型运动员，21%为耐力型运动员，37.2%为混合型运动员。在运动应激试验中，6.2%的运动员出现 SVEB，多为单发。SVEB 不受人体测量学或血液检查结果的影响。它们在男性（77.4%比 54.6%，P<0.0001）和年龄较大的运动员（27.1±5.7 比 25.7±5.1，P=0.01）中更为常见。在有 SVEB 的男性运动员中，观察到左心房容积增大（24.2±7.3 比 22.2±7.1ml/m2，P=0.03）。不同运动项目之间没有差异：尽管有氧运动项目的左心房尺寸较大，但不同运动项目的 SVEB 发生率相似（耐力运动 6.1%、混合运动 6.3%、力量运动 5.2%和技能运动 8.7%；P=0.435）。
SVEB 在年龄较大、男性运动员中更为常见，与较高的左心房容积相关（尤其是在男性中），而与所从事的运动无关。左心房容积较大且有 SVEB 的运动员在中年时发生更复杂心律失常的风险更高。
