Di Gioia Giuseppe, Squeo Maria Rosaria, Lemme Erika, Maestrini Viviana, Monosilio Sara, Ferrera Armando, Buzzelli Lorenzo, Valente Daniele, Pelliccia Antonio
Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Rome, Italy.
Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro De Bosiis, 00135 Rome, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2024 Jul 10;12(7):1530. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12071530.
Previous studies demonstrated that variations of fT3, even within the euthyroid range, can influence cardiac function. Our aim was to investigate whether thyroid hormones, even within the euthyroid range, are associated with the magnitude of exercise-induced cardiac remodeling in Olympic athletes.
We evaluated 1342 Olympic athletes (mean age 25.6 ± 5.1) practicing different sporting disciplines (power, skills, endurance, and mixed). Athletes underwent blood testing (thyroid stimulating hormone, fT3, and fT4), echocardiography, and exercise-stress testing. Athletes taking thyroid hormones, affected by thyroiditis, or presenting TSH out of ranges were excluded.
The level of thyroid hormones varied according to the type of sporting discipline practiced: endurance athletes presented the lowest TSH ( < 0.0001), fT3 ( = 0.007), and fT4 ( < 0.0001) in comparison to the remaining ones. Resting heart rate (HR) was positively correlated to fT3 in athletes of different disciplines (power: = 0.0002, R2 = 0.04; skill: = 0.0009, R2 = 0.05; endurance: = 0.007, R2 = 0.03; and mixed: = 0.04, R2 = 0.01). The same results were seen for peak HR in the exercise-stress test in athletes engaged in power, skill, and endurance (respectively, < 0.0001, R2 = 0.04; = 0.01, R2 = 0.04; and = 0.005, R2 = 0.02). Moreover, a positive correlation was observed with cardiac dimensions, i.e., interventricular septum (power: < 0.0001, R2 = 0.11; skill: = 0.02, R2 = 0.03; endurance: = 0.002, R2 = 0.03; mixed: < 0.0001, R2 = 0.04). Furthermore, fT3 was directly correlated with the left ventricle (LV) end-diastolic volume in skills ( = 0.04, R2 = 0.03), endurance ( = 0.04, R2 = 0.01), and mixed ( = 0.04, R2 = 0.01).
Thyroid hormones, even within the euthyroid range, are associated with cardiac adaptive response to exercise and may contribute to exercise-induced cardiac remodeling.
先前的研究表明，即使在甲状腺功能正常范围内，游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（fT3）的变化也会影响心脏功能。我们的目的是研究甲状腺激素即使在甲状腺功能正常范围内是否与奥运会运动员运动诱导的心脏重塑程度相关。
我们评估了1342名奥运会运动员（平均年龄25.6±5.1岁），他们从事不同的运动项目（力量、技巧、耐力和混合项目）。运动员接受了血液检测（促甲状腺激素、fT3和游离甲状腺素（fT4））、超声心动图检查和运动压力测试。服用甲状腺激素、患有甲状腺炎或促甲状腺激素超出范围的运动员被排除在外。
甲状腺激素水平根据所从事的运动项目类型而有所不同：与其他运动员相比，耐力运动员的促甲状腺激素最低（<0.0001），fT3（=0.007）和fT4（<0.0001）。不同项目运动员的静息心率（HR）与fT3呈正相关（力量项目：=0.0002，R2 = 0.04；技巧项目：=0.0009，R2 = 0.05；耐力项目：=0.007，R2 = 0.03；混合项目：=0.04，R2 = 0.01）。在进行力量、技巧和耐力项目的运动员的运动压力测试中，峰值心率也得到了相同的结果（分别为<0.0001，R2 = 0.04；=0.01，R2 = 0.04；=0.005，R2 = 0.02）。此外，观察到与心脏尺寸呈正相关，即室间隔（力量项目：<0.0001，R2 = 0.11；技巧项目：=0.02，R2 = 0.03；耐力项目：=0.002，R2 = 0.03；混合项目：<0.0001，R2 = 0.04）。此外，fT3与技巧项目（=0.04，R2 = 0.03）、耐力项目（=0.04，R2 = 0.01）和混合项目（=0.04，R2 = 0.01）的左心室（LV）舒张末期容积直接相关。
甲状腺激素即使在甲状腺功能正常范围内也与运动引起的心脏适应性反应相关，并可能有助于运动诱导的心脏重塑。
