Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, E-41012 Seville, Spain.
Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS-CSIC), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, E-14004 Córdoba, Spain.
J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Sep 11;72(36):19891-19903. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05002. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
Oat straw, a residue of L., is recognized for its abundance in cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. However, its potential as a source of lipophilic compounds within the framework of a biorefinery concept still remains unexplored. In this study, we conducted an extensive investigation into the content and chemical composition of the lipophilic compounds present in acetone extracts from oat straws of two distinct oat varieties, namely, Karen and Isaura. Furthermore, we examined their seasonal variability in content and composition in straw samples from oats planted in both spring and winter seasons. The extracted lipophilic compounds were predominantly composed of high molecular weight esters (26.0-38.1%), steroids (16.6-24.0%), -fatty alcohols (10.9-20.7%), -fatty acids (10.9-16.0%), and -aldehydes (10.7-15.8%), with lower amounts of -alkanes (1.1-3.0%), acylglycerides (2.3-3.8%), phytol and phytyl esters (0.6-2.9%), β-diketones (0.1-2.5%), triterpenoids (0.9-1.2%), tocopherols and tocopheryl esters (0.2-0.7%), 2-hydroxy fatty acids (0.1-0.2%), and -alkylresorcinols (0.1%). Notably, these different classes of compounds exhibited variations in their contents depending on the oat variety and the specific planting season. Of particular interest was the Karen variety, which presented significant amounts of high molecular weight esters, free fatty acids, and acylglycerols, especially when it was cultivated during the winter season. These findings underline the potential of oat straw as a valuable resource for lipid extraction within a biorefinery context and emphasize the importance of selecting the appropriate variety and season for optimal lipid yield.
燕麦秸秆是 L. 的一种残余物，其特点是富含纤维素、半纤维素和木质素。然而，在生物炼制概念的框架内，它作为脂溶性化合物的潜在来源仍然尚未被探索。在这项研究中，我们对两种不同燕麦品种（Karen 和 Isaura）的燕麦秸秆丙酮提取物中的脂溶性化合物的含量和化学成分进行了广泛的研究。此外，我们还研究了它们在春季和冬季种植的燕麦秸秆样本中含量和组成的季节性变化。提取的脂溶性化合物主要由高分子量酯（26.0-38.1%）、甾醇（16.6-24.0%）、β-脂肪醇（10.9-20.7%）、β-脂肪酸（10.9-16.0%）和β-醛（10.7-15.8%）组成，同时还含有较低量的α-烷烃（1.1-3.0%）、酰基甘油（2.3-3.8%）、植醇和植基酯（0.6-2.9%）、β-二酮（0.1-2.5%）、三萜类（0.9-1.2%）、生育酚和生育酚酯（0.2-0.7%）、2-羟基脂肪酸（0.1-0.2%）和β-烷基间苯二酚（0.1%）。值得注意的是，这些不同类别的化合物的含量因燕麦品种和特定的种植季节而异。特别引人注目的是 Karen 品种，它在冬季种植时表现出高分子量酯、游离脂肪酸和酰基甘油的显著含量。这些发现突显了燕麦秸秆作为生物炼制背景下脂质提取有价值资源的潜力，并强调了选择适当品种和季节以获得最佳脂质产量的重要性。
