Wang Xueying, Zhang Haoyu, Liu Yong
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Biomark Res. 2024 Sep 4;12(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s40364-024-00628-3.
Radiotherapy (RT) controls local lesions, meantime it has the capability to induce systemic response to inhibit distant, metastatic, non-radiated tumors, which is referred to as the "abscopal effect". It is widely recognized that radiotherapy can stimulate systemic immune response. This provides a compelling theoretical basis for the combination of immune therapy combined with radiotherapy(iRT). Indeed, this phenomenon has also been observed in clinical treatment, bringing significant clinical benefits to patients, and a series of basic studies are underway to amplify this effect. However, the molecular mechanisms of immune response induced by RT, determination of the optimal treatment regimen for iRT, and how to amplify the abscopal effect. In order to amplify and utilize this effect in clinical management, these key issues require to be well addressed; In this review, we comprehensively summarize the growing consensus and emphasize the emerging limitations of enhancing the abscopal effect with radiotherapy or immunotherapy. Finally, we discuss the prospects and barriers to the current clinical translational applications.
放射疗法（RT）可控制局部病灶，同时它有能力引发全身反应以抑制远处的转移性非辐射肿瘤，这被称为“远隔效应”。人们普遍认识到放射疗法可刺激全身免疫反应。这为免疫疗法与放射疗法联合应用（iRT）提供了令人信服的理论基础。事实上，这种现象在临床治疗中也已被观察到，给患者带来了显著的临床益处，并且一系列基础研究正在进行以放大这种效应。然而，放射疗法诱导免疫反应的分子机制、iRT最佳治疗方案的确定以及如何放大远隔效应。为了在临床管理中放大并利用这种效应，这些关键问题需要得到妥善解决；在本综述中，我们全面总结了日益达成的共识，并强调了在通过放射疗法或免疫疗法增强远隔效应方面新出现的局限性。最后，我们讨论了当前临床转化应用的前景和障碍。
