Wodajo Dawit Tesfaye, Gebretsadik Woiynshet, Melketsedik Zeleke Aschalew, Desalegn Nathan, Lencha Fikre Moga
College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia.
College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Front Pediatr. 2024 Aug 20;12:1429066. doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1429066. eCollection 2024.
Globally, neonatal hypoglycemia is a common child health problem and significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality, with its impact being particularly detrimental in developing countries. Although being a prevalent metabolic condition, it is frequently overlooked. Furthermore, the problem is not adequately studied in Ethiopia, as seen by a few published studies on the topic, highlighting the lack of knowledge about its determinants.
This study aims to assess the determinants of neonatal hypoglycemia among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units of public hospitals in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2023.
An institution-based unmatched case-control study design was conducted among 249 (83 cases and 166 controls) participants. Data were collected from 29 March to 23 May 2023 using a pretested chart review extraction tool/checklist. A consecutive sampling method was used for participant selection. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the determinants of neonatal hypoglycemia, and statistical significance was declared at < 0.05.
A total of 83 cases and 166 controls were included in the study. The following factors were significantly associated with neonatal hypoglycemia: preterm neonates [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.888 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.113-21.478)], age of the neonate at admission (3-5 h) [AOR 4.205 (95% CI 1.852-9.547)], hypothermia [AOR 5.485 (95% CI 2.360-12.748)], late initiation of breastfeeding [AOR 6.229 (95% CI 2.665-14.599)], mode of delivery [AOR 5.034 (95% CI 1.688-15.011)], and small for gestational age [AOR 3.645 (95% CI 1.286-10.330)].
In the current study, numerous determinants of neonatal hypoglycemia have been identified. Therefore, it is crucial to give due emphasis to providing comprehensive health education to mothers regarding effective breastfeeding methods, strategies to avoid neonatal hypoglycemia, and the various factors that heighten its likelihood. In addition, healthcare professionals should emphasize implementing preventive measures to prevent this grave condition.
在全球范围内，新生儿低血糖是一个常见的儿童健康问题，对发病率和死亡率有重大影响，在发展中国家其影响尤为有害。尽管这是一种普遍的代谢状况，但它经常被忽视。此外，正如关于该主题的少数已发表研究所表明的那样，埃塞俄比亚对这个问题的研究并不充分，这凸显了对其决定因素缺乏了解。
本研究旨在评估2023年埃塞俄比亚南部沃莱塔地区公立医院新生儿重症监护病房收治的新生儿低血糖的决定因素。
采用基于机构的非匹配病例对照研究设计，对249名参与者（83例病例和166例对照）进行研究。2023年3月29日至5月23日期间，使用经过预测试的图表审查提取工具/清单收集数据。采用连续抽样方法选择参与者。使用社会科学统计软件包第25版进行数据分析。采用二元逻辑回归分析确定新生儿低血糖的决定因素，统计学显著性设定为<0.05。
本研究共纳入83例病例和166例对照。以下因素与新生儿低血糖显著相关：早产儿[调整后的优势比（AOR）4.888（95%置信区间，CI，1.113 - 21.478）]、入院时新生儿年龄（3 - 5小时）[AOR 4.205（95%CI 1.852 - 9.547）]、体温过低[AOR 5.485（95%CI 2.360 - 12.748）]、母乳喂养开始延迟[AOR 6.229（95%CI 2.665 - 14.599）]、分娩方式[AOR 5.034（95%CI 1.688 - 15.011）]以及小于胎龄儿[AOR 3.645（95%CI 1.286 - 10.330）]。
在本研究中，已确定了新生儿低血糖的众多决定因素。因此，至关重要的是要充分重视向母亲提供关于有效母乳喂养方法、避免新生儿低血糖的策略以及增加其发生可能性的各种因素的全面健康教育。此外，医疗保健专业人员应强调实施预防措施以预防这种严重状况。
